Biodiv Sci ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (3): 360-367. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08030
Special Issue: 传粉生物学:理论探讨与初步实践
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Gao Chen1,*(), Ruirui Zhang1,2, Kun Dong3,4,5, Weichang Gong1,2, Yongpeng Ma1
Received:
2012-01-19
Accepted:
2012-04-18
Online:
2012-05-20
Published:
2012-05-09
Contact:
Gao Chen
Gao Chen, Ruirui Zhang, Kun Dong, Weichang Gong, Yongpeng Ma. Scented nectar of Mucuna sempervirens and its ecological function[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2012, 20(3): 360-367.
Fig. 1 Inflorescence and visitors of Mucuna sempervirens as well as ants trapped by scented nectar. (a) The opening inflorescence of Mucuna sempervirens, calyx was densely covered with needle-like hairs which can cause itching after touch; (b) Dremomys pernyi is visiting a inflorescence; (c) All the flowers were opened after visiting; (d) Squirrel’s claws are piercing the perianth; (e) Apis cerana cerana is robbing nectar from the base of a flower; (f) The scented nectar secreted by flowers can trap ants.
Fig. 2 Bioassay of preference of Apis cerana cerana to nectar odor. T1 toT6 are glass tubes, among which the length of T1 and T2 are 30 cm, and those of T3 to T6 are 15 cm, and the diameter are 3 cm for all. Two Y-arm tubes are connected with a Tatu glass tube with a radius of 3 cm. Y-tube and Tatu tube are connected by a plastic hose. The arrows show the direction of airflow.
化合物 Compounds | 保留指数 Kovats index (RI) | 化合物编号 CAS # | 相对含量 Relative content (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
RIa | RIb | |||
2,3-戊二酮 2,3-Pentanedione | 700 | 696 | 600-14-6 | 6.4 (4.0-10.7) |
3-羟基-2-丁酮 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone | 716 | 720 | 513-86-0 | 4.4 (3.4-5.2) |
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal | 801 | 800 | 4440-65-7 | 10.8 (4.7-17.1) |
2,4-二甲基-3-戊酮 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone | 804 | 806 | 565-80-0 | 18.8 (15.4-21.6) |
2,3-庚二酮 2,3-Heptanedione | 817 | 816 | 96-04-8 | 26.5 (16.2-36.6) |
环戊烯甲醛 Cyclopentanecarbaldehyde | 854 | 857 | 872-53-7 | 9.6 (9.1-11.5) |
2,4-己二烯醛 2,4-Hexadienal | 910 | 913 | 142-83-6 | 2.6 (2.0-3.4) |
a-蒎烯 α-Pinene | 936 | 938 | 7785-26-4 | 1.9 (1.3-2.7) |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | 961 | 958 | 100-52-7 | 4.8 (3.4-6.7) |
1,8-桉叶素 1, 8-Cineole | 1,038 | 1,046 | 670-82-6 | 1.0 (0-2.6) |
十一烷 n-Undecane | 1,096 | 1,100 | 1120-21-4 | 3.7 (0-8.3) |
壬醛 Nonanal | 1,105 | 1,102 | 124-19-6 | 5.4 (2.8-10.3) |
Table 1 The chemical constituents of volatiles from floral nectar of Mucuna sempervirens
化合物 Compounds | 保留指数 Kovats index (RI) | 化合物编号 CAS # | 相对含量 Relative content (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
RIa | RIb | |||
2,3-戊二酮 2,3-Pentanedione | 700 | 696 | 600-14-6 | 6.4 (4.0-10.7) |
3-羟基-2-丁酮 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone | 716 | 720 | 513-86-0 | 4.4 (3.4-5.2) |
3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal | 801 | 800 | 4440-65-7 | 10.8 (4.7-17.1) |
2,4-二甲基-3-戊酮 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone | 804 | 806 | 565-80-0 | 18.8 (15.4-21.6) |
2,3-庚二酮 2,3-Heptanedione | 817 | 816 | 96-04-8 | 26.5 (16.2-36.6) |
环戊烯甲醛 Cyclopentanecarbaldehyde | 854 | 857 | 872-53-7 | 9.6 (9.1-11.5) |
2,4-己二烯醛 2,4-Hexadienal | 910 | 913 | 142-83-6 | 2.6 (2.0-3.4) |
a-蒎烯 α-Pinene | 936 | 938 | 7785-26-4 | 1.9 (1.3-2.7) |
苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde | 961 | 958 | 100-52-7 | 4.8 (3.4-6.7) |
1,8-桉叶素 1, 8-Cineole | 1,038 | 1,046 | 670-82-6 | 1.0 (0-2.6) |
十一烷 n-Undecane | 1,096 | 1,100 | 1120-21-4 | 3.7 (0-8.3) |
壬醛 Nonanal | 1,105 | 1,102 | 124-19-6 | 5.4 (2.8-10.3) |
Fig. 3 Attraction effect to Apis cerana cerana (left figure, P < 0.01) and toxic effect to Tapinoma sp. (right figure) of Mucuna sempervirens nectar. The white histograms represent the mor- tality of ants fed with nectar after 12, 24, 36 hours respectively and the gray histograms on behalf of the corresponding mortality of ants fed with sugar (control group). We found that there is no death after 12 hours in the control group. Star means significant difference (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01).
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