The influence of harmful plant Wedelia biflora expansion on terrestrial mollusks in Xisha Islands

doi:10.17520/biods.2020035

Abstract

Abstract:

It is well-documented that the expansion of Wedelia biflora profoundly impacts the structure and functions of the native plant community in the Xisha Islands, but the effects of this expansion on terrestrial mollusks remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the population density and shell features (e.g. height, width and mass) of the major groups of terrestrial mollusks: Achatina fulica, Subulinidae, Camaenidae and Ariphantidae. Mollusk conditions were assessed under different degrees of W. biflora expansion on Yongxing Island. Results showed: (1) As the coverage of W. biflora increased, the population density of A. fulica and Subulinidae also increased, decreased for Camaenidae, and initially increased and then decreased for Ariphantidae. (2) Population density of A. fulica small-sized individuals increased at a disproportionately higher rate with W. biflora expansion, while the density of other body size remained unaltered. (3) W. biflora expansion inhibited certain shell features of A. fulica, which adopted an r strategy to cope with W. biflora expansion. In summary, the expansion of W. biflora on Yingxing Island altered the body sizes, population density and community structure of terrestrial mollusks. To cope with this expansion, different mollusks adopted different response strategies, a selective process which should be considered when managing the spread of invasive species.

Key words: harmful plant, population expansion, Achatina fulica, inter species interaction, tropical coral island

Biyue Yan, Fuchun Tong, Luhui Kuang, Zhijian Mou, Wenjia Wu, Hongyue Cai, Jun Wang, Shuguang Jian, Hai Ren, Zhanfeng Liu. The influence of harmful plant Wedelia biflora expansion on terrestrial mollusks in Xisha Islands[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(10): 1182-1191.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020035

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2020/V28/I10/1182

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 The occurrence of Wedelia biflora (a) and terrestrial mollusks (b) in the plant community in Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands

Fig. 2 The shell number (a) and distribution frequency (b) of terrestrial mollusks in the sampling plots with different abundance of Wedelia biflora. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.

Fig. 3 Effect of Wedelia biflora abundance on the density and morphological properties of terrestrial mollusks (Mean ± SE). Columns with different letters indicate significant differences among plots of different Wedelia biflora abundance (P < 0.05). a-d, Achatina fulica; e-h, Subulinidae; i-l, Camaenidae; m-p, Ariphantidae. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.

Table 1 Effects of Wedelia biflora abundance, mollusk taxa and their interaction on the density, shell height, shell width, and shell weight of mollusk

解释变量 Explaining variable	密度 Density	壳高 Shell height	壳宽 Shell width	壳重 Shell mass
扩张 Expansion	2.1 (0.136)	1.6 (0.206)	1.9 (0.151)	2.4 (0.095)
类群 Taxa	12.1 (< 0.001)	109.6 (< 0.001)	94.9 (< 0.001)	77.9 (< 0.001)
扩张 × 类群 Expansion × Taxa	2.2 (0.061)	5.3 (< 0.001)	3.9 (0.001)	5.5 (< 0.001)

Fig. 4 Effect of Wedelia biflora abundance on body morphological properties of the terrestrial mollusks. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.

Fig. 5 The distribution frequency of the growth stage of Achatina fulica in the plots of a different abundance of Wedelia biflora. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.

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