Abstract: Hitherto , six families , 48 genera and 79 species of Acridoidea have been recorded in the tropical region of Xishuangbanna. Of them , 68 species accounting for 86. 1 % of the total species are oriental , including 22 endemic species. The other 11 species are widely distributed. As the destruction of the tropical forest , cultivation of crops and other plants of economical importance , habitats with tropical rainforest characters have been changing in this area. The fauna and the species diversity of Acridoidea are influenced. The number of species is gradually reducing. The ratio of the oriental species decreases and that of widely-distributed species increases. Some endemic species decline or even extinct because of the environmental change. The diversity analysis showed that species diversity index and evenness index of Acridoidea will significantly decrease from 1. 240 to 0. 761 and from o. 887 to 0. 585 respectively along the rainforest —bush —farmland —rubber trees habitats. Holy hills can maintain some characters of rainforest habitats , but its role in the conservation of grasshopper species is limited.