生物多样性 ›› 2004, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 410-418.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2004050

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同坡向人工油松幼林下地表苔藓植物层片的物种多样性与结构特征

雷波1,2, 包维楷1*,  贾渝3, 刘俊华1   

  1. 1(中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041)
    2 (中国科学院研究生院,北京 100039)
    3 (中国科学院植物研究所,北京 100093)
  • 收稿日期:2004-02-08 修回日期:2004-03-25 出版日期:2004-07-20 发布日期:2004-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 雷波

Ground bryophyte composition and synusia structures under young Pinus tabuliformis forests along the upper Minjiang River

LEI Bo1,2, BAO WeiKai1*, JIA Yu3, LIU JunHua1   

  1. 1 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
    2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100039
    3 Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100093
  • Received:2004-02-08 Revised:2004-03-25 Online:2004-07-20 Published:2004-07-20
  • Contact: LEI Bo

摘要: 调查和分析了岷江上游大沟流域的4个坡向(偏东坡N-E80°、偏西坡N-W85°、偏南坡S-E10°、偏北坡N-W20°)人工油松(Pinus tabuliformis)林下地表苔藓植物的物种多样性、组成和结构特征。在4个坡向的油松林下共发现13种苔藓,各林下苔藓物种组成数量在6-13种之间,并且具有较高的相似性。冰川青藓(Brachythecium glacile)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium)、厚角绢藓(Entodon concinnus)、密叶美喙藓(Eurhynchium savatieri)、小酸土藓(Oxystegus cuspidatus)和光萼苔(Porella pinnata)为这4个坡向油松林下的共有种,其中冰川青藓、大羽藓为优势物种。4个坡向人工油松幼林下地表苔藓植物出现频率分别为100%(偏西、偏北油松林)和96.7%(偏东、偏南油松林),其平均盖度、平均密度、平均厚度分别在5.50%±0.90%至25.66%±2.76%、480.67±133.65至2724.80±419.72株/m2和4.73±0.31至6.83±0.73mm之间。无论是苔藓植物层片的多样性指数还是结构参数,均以偏东坡向的油松林下为最低;而偏西坡向的油松林下除厚度略低于偏南坡向外,其他指标均最高。综合研究结果表明,坡向是形成苔藓植物物种多样性组成和结构差异的重要环境因素,对苔藓植物的生存和生长具有间接的控制作用。

AbstractWe investigated ground bryophytes under artificial Pinus tabuliformis forests with four different slope aspects, i.e. NE80°(east facing slope, E), NW85°(west facing slope, W), SE10°(south facing slope, S), and NW20°(north facing slope, N) along the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, in order to explore bryophyte species composition and structural characteristics. Of the 13 bryophyte species occurring in the four artificial forests,only 6, 11, 12 and 7 species occurred in E, W, S , and N forest, respectively. Six moss species, Brachythecium glaciale, Thuidium cymbifolium, Entodon concinnus, Eurhynchium savatieri, Oxystegus cuspidatus,and Porella pinnata existed commonly in all the four forests. The highest frequency for bryophyte occurrence was 100% under W and N forests, and the lowest, under the E and S forests, was 96.7%. According to importance value, the dominant species were Brachythecium glaciale and Thuidium cymbifolium under all four Pinus tabuliformis forests, indicating that they were the most common moss species in the study area. For E, W, S and N forests, ground bryophyte coverage were 5.50%±0.90%, 25.66%±2.76%, 9.03%±1.76% and 7.93%±1.16%, respectively, while hoot density were 480.67±133.65, 2724.80±419.72, 982.00±191.33, 923.47±173.51 shoots/m2, respectively, and average bryophyte thickness were 4.73±0.31, 6.67±0.41, 6.83±0.73, 5.42±0.33 mm, respectively. No statistical differences(P>0.05)in structural parameter were found among E, S and N forests. By comprehensive analysis, it was found that W forest was the best of the four forests in bryophyte composition and synusia structures, indicating that slope aspect is one important environmental factor inducing differences of ground bryophyte composition and synusia structure, and indirectly affecting the survivorshipand growth of bryophytes.

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