物种潜在分布地预测系统PSDS的设计与实现

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07123

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究设计并实现了一个基于地理信息系统(GIS)的仅用物种已知分布点数据预测物种潜在分布地的PSDS系统。在这一系统中, 通过层次聚类算法对物种已知分布点数据进行处理, 减少了异常值对预测结果的影响, 从而解决了环境包络模型预测结果过于乐观的问题, 在物种已知分布数据较少时也能取得较好的结果。该系统实现了数据加载与导出、图层浏览与显示、生态因子分析与分布地预测、结果展示等功能, 操作方便, 简单易用。本文以白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticus reevesii)为例, 根据4个省的少量已知分布点数据对其在国内的潜在分布地进行了预测, 获得了较理想的结果, 可为该物种的保护提供科学依据。

关键词: 物种潜在分布, 正样本, 层次聚类

Abstract

It is a critical problem in conservation biology to model the geographic distribution of a given species. Potential Species’ Distribution System (PSDS), a new GIS-based system, has been designed and implemented to predict the potential distribution of species by using presence data only. The result, normally overpredicted by traditional Environment Envelope Model, is improved by using hierarchical cluster arithmetic that can reduce the influence caused by outliers. The PSDS system provides functions of data input and output, displaying GIS maps, analyzing the ecological factors of habitat and predicting potential distribution of species, etc. This system is user-friendly and easy to use. As an example, the paper predicts the potential distribution ofSyrmaticus reevesii which is one of the endangered species in china by using presence-only data of four provinces, and gets a good result.

Key words: potential distribution of species, presence data only, hierarchical cluster

邓浩, 纪力强 (2008) 物种潜在分布地预测系统PSDS的设计与实现. 生物多样性, 16, 96-102. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07123.

Hao Deng, Liqiang Ji (2008) Design and implementation of PSDS system, a software for predicting the potential distribution of species. Biodiversity Science, 16, 96-102. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07123.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07123

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I1/96

图/表 4

图1 PSDS系统的判别规则形成的流程图

Fig. 1 The flow chart of PSDS for establishing the discrimination rule

图2 PSDS系统运用判别规则得到预测结果的流程图

Fig. 2 Flow chart of PSDS for obtaining species distribution map with the discrimination rule

图3 物种潜在分布地预测系统主界面。图中深色圆点代表观测或记录到的分布地点, 阴影区域代表预测的物种潜在分布区; 左侧为环境因子的图层。

Fig.3 Main screen of PSDS. Dark points are the presence data, shadow area is the potential species distribution.

图4 PSDS系统对白冠长尾雉潜在分布地的预测结果。左图为因子规则化后, 先层次聚类再环境包络的预测结果, 预测区域面积为2,423个栅格; 右图为因子规则化后直接运行环境包络的预测结果, 预测区域面积为3,743个栅格。结果显示白冠长尾雉分布在四川、云南、贵州、重庆、陕西、湖南、湖北、河南、安徽、浙江等省(市)。

Fig. 4 Potential distribution map of Syrmaticus reevesii from PSDS. The left figure is the result of the hierarchical clustering and environmental envelope and the area is 2,423 grids. The right figure is the result of environmental envelope only and the area is 3,743 grids. The map shows the species is mainly distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, and Zhejiang.

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