滇北球花报春天然群体表型变异研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

滇北球花报春(Primula denticulatassp. sinodenticulata)的早春蓝紫色球状花序具有独特的观赏价值, 但由于多种因素的影响, 其天然群体正在逐渐减少。为评价其遗传多样性水平, 我们对滇北球花报春10个天然群体进行了表型性状变异研究。结果表明: 滇北球花报春8个表型性状在群体间和群体内均存在极显著差异, 变异系数(CV)在4.73-9.90%之间, 表型分化系数(V_st)在0.1541-0.4069之间, 平均值为0.2854, 群体内的变异是表型变异的主要来源。根据8个表型性状的UPGMA聚类分析将10个天然群体划分为3类。依本研究结果, 在对滇北球花报春种质资源保护时进行就地保护是十分必要的, 并且应该优先保护表型变异较为丰富的天然群体。

关键词: Primula denticulata ssp. sinodenticulata, 天然群体, 表型多样性, 种质资源保护

Abstract

Primula denticulatassp. sinodenticulata(Primulaceae) is an herbaceous perennial in southwest China. Many gardeners recommend it for alpine garden construction or greenhouse cultivation. Due to habitat destruction, however, this plant is rapidly decreasing in number and size of populations. To conserve this plant for our future reintroductions and breeding, 10 natural populations of Primula denticulatassp. sinodenticulatawere analyzed using morphological markers. Morphological diversity among and within populations were analyzed based on 8 phenotypic traits of 30 plants from each population. Phenotypic variance analysis showed that significant variation existed among and within populations. Coefficient of variations (CVs) ranged between 4.73% and 9.90%, and phenotypic differentiation coefficients (Vst) ranged from 15.41% to 40.69%, the mean value was 28.54% and within-population variation comprised a majority of total phenotypic variation. UPGMA Cluster analysis based on morphological traits showed that the 10 populations could be divided into three groups. According to our results, conservation of this species’ genetic resources should focus on protecting populations with higher morphological variation, andin situ conservation should be carried out in their original habitats.

Key words: Primula denticulatassp. sinodenticulata, natural population, morphological variation, germplasm conservation

张睿鹂, 贾茵, 张启翔 (2008) 滇北球花报春天然群体表型变异研究. 生物多样性, 16, 362-368. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07314.

Zhang Ruili, Jia Yin, Zhang Qixiang (2008) Phenotypic variation of natural populations of Primula denticulatassp. sinodenticulata. Biodiversity Science, 16, 362-368. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07314.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07314

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I4/362

图/表 6

参考文献 26

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群体编号 Population No.	地点 Origin	经纬度 Locality	海拔 Altitude (m)	生境 Habitat
CSM 1	大理苍山 Cangshan Mountains, Dali	25°41'165" N 100°06'403" E	3,330	山坡杜鹃林下, 北向 Slope, under Rhododendron shrubs, facing north
CSM 2	大理苍山 Cangshan Mountains, Dali	25°41'749" N 100°06'557" E	2,800	干燥山坡坡地, 杜鹃林缘, 西向 Dry slope, beneath Rhododendron shrubs, facing west
MX	漾濞美翕 Meixi, Yangbi	25°43'213" N 100°03'175" E	3,050	山间开敞坡地, 林缘, 西向 Grassy slope, beneath the woodlands, facing west
TCL	云龙天池 Tianchi Lake, Yunlong	25°51'422" N 99°19'389" E	2,330	干燥坡地, 乔木林下, 东南向 Dry slope, under the woodlands, facing southeast
LDP	丽江梨地坪 Lidiping, Lijiang	27°12'389" N 99°24'478" E	3,400	山坡坡地, 南向 Grassy slope, facing south
PTG	维西攀天阁 Pantiange, Weixi	27°20'983" N 99°11'976" E	2,900	开阔缓坡, 沼泽地, 南向 Moist meadow, facing south
SBM	双柏百竹山 Baizhu Mountain, Shuangbai	24°33'404" N 100°48'615" E	2,500	山顶开阔地带, 潮湿林缘, 东南向 Open forest, moist, beneath the woodlands, facing southeast
YLM	丽江玉龙雪山 Yulong Mountains, Lijiang	27°07'791'' N 100°15'114'' E	2,800	山坡杜鹃林下, 东北向 Slope, under Rhododendron shrubs, facing northeast
SCH	景东山厂河 Shanchanghe, Jingdong	24°18'151" N 100°43'882" E	2,210	干燥的开阔地带, 北向 Dry slope, facing north
ZZ	腾冲自治 Zizhi, Tengchong	26°34'309" N 99°53'572" E	2,500	开阔地带, 干燥, 南向 Open forest, dry, facing south

群体编号 Population No.	地点 Origin	经纬度 Locality	海拔 Altitude (m)	生境 Habitat
CSM 1	大理苍山 Cangshan Mountains, Dali	25°41'165" N 100°06'403" E	3,330	山坡杜鹃林下, 北向 Slope, under Rhododendron shrubs, facing north
CSM 2	大理苍山 Cangshan Mountains, Dali	25°41'749" N 100°06'557" E	2,800	干燥山坡坡地, 杜鹃林缘, 西向 Dry slope, beneath Rhododendron shrubs, facing west
MX	漾濞美翕 Meixi, Yangbi	25°43'213" N 100°03'175" E	3,050	山间开敞坡地, 林缘, 西向 Grassy slope, beneath the woodlands, facing west
TCL	云龙天池 Tianchi Lake, Yunlong	25°51'422" N 99°19'389" E	2,330	干燥坡地, 乔木林下, 东南向 Dry slope, under the woodlands, facing southeast
LDP	丽江梨地坪 Lidiping, Lijiang	27°12'389" N 99°24'478" E	3,400	山坡坡地, 南向 Grassy slope, facing south
PTG	维西攀天阁 Pantiange, Weixi	27°20'983" N 99°11'976" E	2,900	开阔缓坡, 沼泽地, 南向 Moist meadow, facing south
SBM	双柏百竹山 Baizhu Mountain, Shuangbai	24°33'404" N 100°48'615" E	2,500	山顶开阔地带, 潮湿林缘, 东南向 Open forest, moist, beneath the woodlands, facing southeast
YLM	丽江玉龙雪山 Yulong Mountains, Lijiang	27°07'791'' N 100°15'114'' E	2,800	山坡杜鹃林下, 东北向 Slope, under Rhododendron shrubs, facing northeast
SCH	景东山厂河 Shanchanghe, Jingdong	24°18'151" N 100°43'882" E	2,210	干燥的开阔地带, 北向 Dry slope, facing north
ZZ	腾冲自治 Zizhi, Tengchong	26°34'309" N 99°53'572" E	2,500	开阔地带, 干燥, 南向 Open forest, dry, facing south

	株高 Plant height	冠幅 Rosette width	叶丛高 Rosette height	最长叶长 Longest leaf length	最长叶宽 Longest leaf width	花序直径 Flower diameter	花梗长度 Flower stalk length
冠幅 Rosette width	0.122
叶丛高 Rosette height	0.056	-0.511
最长叶长 Longest leaf length	-0.157	0.053	0.645*
最长叶宽 Longest leaf width	0.562	-0.399	-0.017	-0.335
花序直径 Flower diameter	-0.396	-0.448	0.281	0.100	-0.417
花梗长度 Flower stalk length	0.696*	-0.006	0.193	0.079	0.496	-0.219
种子千粒重 Thousand seeds mass	0.316	0.079	0.293	0.140	-0.069	0.016	0.463

	株高 Plant height	冠幅 Rosette width	叶丛高 Rosette height	最长叶长 Longest leaf length	最长叶宽 Longest leaf width	花序直径 Flower diameter	花梗长度 Flower stalk length
冠幅 Rosette width	0.122
叶丛高 Rosette height	0.056	-0.511
最长叶长 Longest leaf length	-0.157	0.053	0.645*
最长叶宽 Longest leaf width	0.562	-0.399	-0.017	-0.335
花序直径 Flower diameter	-0.396	-0.448	0.281	0.100	-0.417
花梗长度 Flower stalk length	0.696*	-0.006	0.193	0.079	0.496	-0.219
种子千粒重 Thousand seeds mass	0.316	0.079	0.293	0.140	-0.069	0.016	0.463

群体编号 Population	变异系数 CV (%)
群体编号 Population	株高 Plant height	冠幅 Rosette width	叶丛高 Rosette height	最长叶长 Longest leaf length	最长叶宽 Longest leaf width	花序直径 Flower diameter	花梗长度 Flower stalk length	种子千粒重 Thousand seeds mass	平均 Average
CSM 1	11.51	10.28	6.88	10.12	6.62	16.64	5.17	5.04	9.03
CSM 2	8.56	9.45	6.32	5.26	4.57	11.43	3.98	3.77	6.67
MX	5.92	4.92	5.32	4.78	6.82	3.34	3.76	2.95	4.73
TCL	8.65	13.47	7.18	6.51	7.34	17.68	4.77	6.07	8.96
LDP	8.16	9.05	5.98	4.77	3.49	10.57	4.99	3.52	6.32
PTG	15.26	12.62	8.76	7.99	6.48	15.24	6.14	6.68	9.90
SBM	4.55	4.17	4.75	4.14	3.49	12.58	3.59	4.02	5.16
YLM	7.96	8.14	7.82	4.62	2.32	7.78	2.86	3.25	5.59
SCH	8.54	8.26	6.51	3.35	4.48	4.39	4.09	3.88	5.44
ZZ	13.49	10.86	8.13	9.33	4.58	13.46	5.61	6.29	8.97