生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (12): 1358-1364.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018188

• 保护论坛 • 上一篇    

“2020年后全球生物多样性框架”的谈判进展以及对我国的建议

刘文静, 徐靖*(), 耿宜佳, 田瑜, 银森录   

  1. 中国环境科学研究院生物多样性研究中心, 北京 100012
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-05 接受日期:2018-08-14 出版日期:2018-12-20 发布日期:2019-02-12
  • 通讯作者: 徐靖
  • 作者简介:# 共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    生态环境部生物多样性国际合作及履约项目(2024004093)

Progress in negotiations on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and suggestions for Chinese government

Wenjing Liu, Jing Xu*(), Yijia Geng, Yu Tian, Senlu Yin   

  1. Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012
  • Received:2018-07-05 Accepted:2018-08-14 Online:2018-12-20 Published:2019-02-12
  • Contact: Xu Jing
  • About author:# 同等贡献作者 Contributed equally to this work

摘要:

“2020年后全球生物多样性框架”是当前《生物多样性公约》谈判的焦点议题, 了解该议题的谈判进展将对我国顺利举办第15次缔约方大会(COP15)产生积极的作用。本文在梳理相关谈判进程的基础上, 分析了各方主要观点, 并就我国应对国际谈判并以东道国身份推进该框架的制定进程提出了建议。各方对制定框架的时间表、程序和一般性原则形成了较为一致的共识, 认为应尽快确定“2020年后全球生物多样性框架”的程序及时间表, 基于“爱知生物多样性目标”的执行经验、科学结论和和广泛的信息来源, 与“可持续发展目标”及其他国际进程衔接, 重视利用情景和模型, 并支持更多利益相关方参与制定过程。同时, 各方认为框架应主要包括土地利用、保护和恢复生物多样性的措施、解决生物多样性丧失的根本原因、主流化、能力建设、资源调动、国家承诺等要素。为应对国际谈判, 建议我国在《公约》谈判会议中适时提出以下观点: 重视实现可持续利用相关的目标; 提升评估指标体系的合理性; 科学制定措施。此外, 建议我国采取以下措施积极推进框架制定进程: 充分利用国际高级别会议, 提升政治重视程度; 积极与主要国际进程协作, 推进该框架深入讨论; 重视调动利益相关方积极性。

关键词: 生物多样性战略计划, 第15次缔约方大会(COP15), 爱知生物多样性目标, 可持续发展目标

Abstract

The Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework is currently the focus of negotiation at the Convention on Biological Diversity. Understanding the progress of the negotiation will have a positive impact on the success of the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP15) which will be held in China. Based on the progress of the negotiation, this paper analyzes the views of the main parties involved and makes suggestions to the government of China on how to prepare for international negotiations and promote the development of the framework as the host country. Results show that the main parties involved have reached a relatively unanimous consensus on timetable, procedures and general principles for the formulation of the framework. They believe that the procedures and the timetable for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework should be confirmed as soon as possible. Additionally, the main parties have expressed the following views on the formulation of the framework. Firstly, the framework should be based on experience gained by implementation of the Aichi Biodiversity Target, scientific conclusions and extensive sources of information. Secondly, negotiation should be linked with the Sustainable Development Goals and other international processes. Thirdly, scenarios and models should be used. Fourthly, support should be extended for more stakeholders’ participation in the formulation process. Involved parties also believe that the framework should mainly include land use, measures to protect and restore biodiversity, address underlying causes of biodiversity loss, mainstreaming, capacity building, resource mobilization, and national commitments. In order to prepare for international negotiations, it is suggested that China put forward the following viewpoints at the conferences of the convention on negotiations in a timely manner: accord importance to achieving the goals on sustainable use; improving the rationality of the evaluation index system; making measures scientific. In addition, it is suggested that China should promote the development of the framework by making full use of the international high-level meeting to increase political attention to the framework, actively collaborate with major international processes to promote in-depth discussion of the framework, and make it a priority to mobilize the enthusiasm of stakeholders.

Key words: The Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, The Fifteenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, Aichi Biodiversity Target, Sustainable Development Goal