生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 22570.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022570

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

研究活动是否影响鸟类的巢存活率?——以红头长尾山雀为例

胡骞1, 文野1,2, 吕磊3, 王鹏程4, 李建强1,*(), 徐基良1,*()   

  1. 1.北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院, 北京 100083
    2.湖南环境与生物职业技术学院, 湖南衡阳 421005
    3.南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 广东深圳 518055
    4.南京师范大学生命科学学院, 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-06 接受日期:2022-12-28 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-05-26
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: lijianqiang@bjfu.edu.cn;xujiliang@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31970421);国家自然科学基金(31472011);国家自然科学基金(31101644)

Does research activity affect nest survival of birds? A case study on the black-throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus)

Qian Hu1, Ye Wen1,2, Lei Lv3, Pengcheng Wang4, Jianqiang Li1,*(), Jiliang Xu1,*()   

  1. 1. School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083
    2. Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan 421005
    3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055
    4. School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023

摘要:

研究活动(如查巢和视频拍摄)对鸟类巢存活率的影响一直受到关注。近年来的研究虽然已表明这种影响较小, 但以往研究多以开放巢或洞巢鸟类为研究对象, 对营球形巢的鸟类研究较少。为探究研究活动对营球形巢鸟类巢存活率的影响, 本文以营球形巢的红头长尾山雀(Aegithalos concinnus)为研究对象, 利用2011-2018年在河南董寨国家级自然保护区采集的监测数据, 分析了研究者的查巢及视频拍摄活动对其卵期(产卵期及孵卵期)和育雏期的巢日存活率的影响。结果显示, 无论是在卵期(n = 215巢)还是在育雏期(n = 200巢), 红头长尾山雀巢的日存活率与查巢或视频拍摄活动均无显著相关性, 亦不随巢高或巢日龄显著变化。但是, 红头长尾山雀卵期的巢日存活率与产卵日期呈显著的负相关关系, 即产卵日期越晚, 日存活率越低。与此相似, 其育雏期的巢日存活率与雏鸟出壳日期也呈显著的负相关关系, 即出壳日期越晚, 巢的日存活率越低。本研究结果表明, 研究活动不会显著影响营球形巢的红头长尾山雀的巢存活率。尽管如此, 本文仍建议科研人员应注意研究活动可能对研究对象造成的潜在影响, 并尽可能地避免或降低这种影响。

关键词: 查巢, 巢捕食, 巢存活率, 红头长尾山雀, 研究干扰

Abstract

Aims: The effects of research-related activity (i.e. nest visit and video-filming) on the nest survival of birds has always been of concern. Although recent studies have suggested that the effects are limited, most of these studies were conducted on birds building either open or cavity nests; however, studies demonstrating the effects of research-related activities on species building dome nests remain scarce. To explore the effects of researcher activities on the nest survival of birds building dome nests, we investigated whether researcher-related activities, including nest visit and video-filming, affected the daily nest survival rate of black-throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus).

Methods: Data were collected in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve of Henan Province between 2011 and 2018 and were analyzed for black-throated tits’ egg stage (egg-laying and egg-incubation) and nestling stage, respectively. Nest survival analyses were performed using the RMark in R.

Results: The analysis of egg-laying stage (n = 215 nests) showed that neither researchers’ nest visit nor video-filming activities had a significant effect on the daily nest survival rate of black-throated tits. Similar results were obtained for the nestling stage (n = 200 nests); nest visit and video-filming did not significantly affect the daily nest survival rate of black-throated tits. Furthermore, the daily nest survival rate was not affected by nest height or nest age, but decreased significantly with the increase of egg-laying date at the egg stage and with the increase of hatching date at the nestling stage.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that research-related activities do not have a significant impact on bird nest survival and are consistent with the findings of similar studies. Although research-related effects on bird nests are limited, researchers should still consider the potential impact of research activities on their research objective.

Key words: nest visit, nest predation, nest survival, Aegithalos concinnus, research disturbance