同质园环境和遗传分化影响锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构

doi:10.17520/biods.2022477

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 22477. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022477

所属专题：土壤生物与土壤健康

• 研究报告: 微生物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

同质园环境和遗传分化影响锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构

魏庐潞¹^,², 徐婷婷³, 李媛媛⁴, 艾喆⁴, 马飞¹^,²^,^*()

1.宁夏大学生态环境学院, 银川 750021
2.宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地, 银川 750021
3.宁夏大学生命科学学院, 银川 750021
4.宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2022-08-10 接受日期:2022-11-08 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: mafei05@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC05008);国家自然科学基金(31860142)

The common garden environment and genetic differentiation jointly influence the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of three Caragana species

Lulu Wei¹^,², Tingting Xu³, Yuanyuan Li⁴, Zhe Ai⁴, Fei Ma¹^,²^,^*()

1. School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
2. Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
3. School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
4. School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021

Received:2022-08-10 Accepted:2022-11-08 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-20
Contact: *E-mail: mafei05@163.com

1. 附录1 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌α多样性指数(均值 ± 标准误差).pdf(91KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环境和遗传分化共同影响植物的功能性状, 进而能够通过根系分泌物影响根际微生物。本研究利用同质园试验, 通过高通量测序技术, 基于固氮酶基因nifH的同源性, 分析同质园栽培的不同种源小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)、中间锦鸡儿(C. liouana)和荒漠锦鸡儿(C. roborovskyi)根际土壤固氮菌多样性, 并探究其与种源地气候及同质园土壤属性的关系。结果表明, 3种锦鸡儿植物根际土壤固氮菌隶属6门9纲18目21科33属72种, 其中变形菌门、疣微菌门和蓝细菌门为优势门, 优势属为中慢生根瘤菌属(Mesorhizobium)、固氮氢自养单胞菌属(Azohydromonas)和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)。3种锦鸡儿根际土壤固氮菌α多样性种间差异不显著, 但中间锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿根际土壤固氮菌的α多样性存在显著的种内差异(P < 0.05), 小叶锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿根际土壤固氮菌群落结构存在显著的种内差异(P < 0.05)。冗余分析表明同质园土壤pH和种源地年均温分别是影响3种锦鸡儿根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构变化的主要因子, 说明3种锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌群落多样性受同质园环境与遗传分化的共同调控。本研究结果为锦鸡儿属植物的生态适应机制和引种栽培提供理论依据和数据支持。

关键词: 锦鸡儿, 同质园, 固氮菌, 多样性和群落结构, 种源地气候

Abstract

Aim: Environmental and genetic factors are believed to be the main drivers of variation of plant function traits, which may further influence rhizosphere soil bacteria through root exudates. However, it still remains unclear whether the genetic differentiation would affect the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of plant species.

Method: A common garden experiment was established to examine the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of three Caragana from different provenances by using high-throughput sequencing techniques, which was subsequently correlated with the provenance climates and common garden soil properties to investigate how the environmental factor and genetic differentiation affect the rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacterial diversity and community structure.

Result: The present results demonstrated that the rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria of three Caragana species belonged to 6 phyla, 9 classes, 18 orders, 21 families, 33 genera and 72 species. Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria were the main dominant phyla of the three Caragana species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil, and Mesorhizobium, Azohydromonas and Bradyrhizobium were the dominant genera. There were no significant differences in the diversity and community structure of rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria among the three Caragana species, but significant differences in the α diversity index between provenances were observed in C. liouana and C. roborovskyi (P < 0.05). The community structure between provenances of C. microphylla and C. roborovskyiwas also significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, redundancy analysis showed that soil pH of the common garden and mean annual temperature (MAT) of provenance were the dominant factors respectively affecting the diversity and community of rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the three Caragana species.

Conclusion: In summary, our results indicate that the common garden environment and genetic differentiation jointly shape the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Caragana species. This research can provide important theoretical basis and data support for the ecological adaptation mechanism and introduction and cultivation of Caragana.

Key words: Caragana, common garden, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, diversity and community structure, provenance climate

魏庐潞, 徐婷婷, 李媛媛, 艾喆, 马飞 (2023) 同质园环境和遗传分化影响锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构. 生物多样性, 31, 22477. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022477.

Lulu Wei, Tingting Xu, Yuanyuan Li, Zhe Ai, Fei Ma (2023) The common garden environment and genetic differentiation jointly influence the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of three Caragana species. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22477. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022477.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022477

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I4/22477

图/表 9

表1 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)不同种源地的地理和气候因子信息

Table 1 Geographical and climatic information of different sampling sites collecting seeds of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR). ALT, Altitude; MAT, Mean annual temperature; MAP, Mean annual precipitation.

样点 Site	东经 Longitude (E)	北纬 Latitude (N)	海拔 ALT (m)	年均温 MAT (℃)	年均降水量 MAP (mm)
CM1	119.15°	42.98°	626	6.23	326.76
CM2	121.88°	44.03°	1,178	6.68	331.43
CM3	114.33°	42.07°	1,419	2.51	325.42
CL1	110.28°	39.33°	1,285	7.34	382.46
CL2	110.15°	39.21°	1,257	7.19	379.92
CL3	107.67°	38.85°	1,344	7.42	225.23
CR1	100.69°	38.48°	2,295	1.71	190.10
CR2	103.15°	36.88°	2,314	5.38	303.75
CR3	101.36°	38.58°	2,032	3.92	158.89

图1 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌OTUs分布Venn图

Fig. 1 Venn diagrams of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria OTUs of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR)

图2 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌α多样性指数。a: Shannon指数; b: Simpson指数; c: 物种数; d: Chao 1指数。嵌合图代表小叶锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿根际土壤固氮菌α多样性指数差异比较。

Fig. 2 α diversity index of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR). a, Shannon index; b, Simpson index; c, Observed species; d, Chao 1 index. The chimeric plot represents a comparison of the α diversity indices of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR).

图3 门水平(a)和纲水平(b)小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌优势群落分布

Fig. 3 Distribution of dominant communities of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria at the phylum (a) and class (b) levels of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR)

图4 属水平上小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌群落结构热图

Fig. 4 Heatmap of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacterial community structures of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR) at the genus level

图5 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌群落结构的主坐标分析(PCoA)

Fig. 5 Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria community composition of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR)

表2 环境因子与固氮菌群落类群不同分类水平的相关性分析。pH: 土壤pH; EC: 土壤电导率; TN: 土壤全氮; TP: 土壤全磷; SOC: 土壤有机碳; ALT: 海拔; MT: 年均温; MAP: 年均降水量。

Table 2 Correlation analysis of environmental factors with different taxonomic levels of nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. SOC, Soil organic carbon; TN, Total nitrogen; TP, Total phosphorus; EC, Electrical conductivity; ALT, Altitude; MAP, Mean annual precipitation; MAT, Mean annual temperature.

优势类群 Dominant group	pH	有机碳 SOC	全氮 TN	全磷 TP	电导率 EC	海拔 ALT	年均降水量 MAP	年均温 MAT
门水平 Phylum level
变形菌门 Proteobacteria	?0.316	0.197	0.118	0.228	?0.041	?0.053	?0.113	0.279
疣微菌门 Verrucomicrobia	?0.458^*	0.129	?0.01	0.601^**	0.197	0.234	?0.24	0.047
蓝细菌门 Cyanobacteria	0.192	?0.384^*	?0.317	?0.188	?0.19	0.134	?0.102	0.098
纲水平 Class level
α-变形菌纲 Alphaproteobacteria	?0.345	0.325	0.214	0.14	?0.009	?0.086	?0.063	0.253
丰佑菌纲 Opitutae	?0.458^*	0.129	?0.01	0.601^**	0.197	0.234	?0.24	0.047
β-变形菌纲 Betaproteobacteria	0.055	?0.356	?0.271	0.286	?0.09	0.097	?0.165	0.101
γ-变形菌纲 Gammaproteobacteria	0.169	?0.336	?0.222	?0.036	?0.417^*	?0.047	0.140	0.147
属水平 Genus level
中慢生根瘤菌属 Mesorhizobium	?0.374	0.351	0.237	0.154	0.030	?0.074	?0.084	0.216
固氮氢自养单胞菌属Azohydromonas	0.050	?0.359	?0.261	0.287	?0.089	0.086	?0.149	0.105
慢生根瘤菌属 Bradyrhizobium	0.303	?0.365	?0.299	?0.232	?0.487^**	?0.250	0.416^*	0.406^*
斯科曼氏球菌属 Skermanella	0.317	?0.127	?0.158	0.031	?0.236	0.146	?0.139	0.279
念珠藻属 Nostoc	0.217	?0.486^*	?0.391^*	?0.337	?0.208	?0.037	0.087	0.127

图6 小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)根际土壤固氮菌多样性(a)和群落结构与环境因子的冗余分析(b)。缩写全称见表2。

Fig. 6 Redundancy analysis of environmental factors on diversity (a) and composition (b) of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria community of Caragana microphylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR). Full names of abbreviations see Table 2.

表3 环境因子对小叶锦鸡儿(CM)、中间锦鸡儿(CL)和荒漠锦鸡儿(CR)土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构的影响。缩写全称见表2。

Table 3 Effects of environmental factors on diversity and composition of rhizosphere soil nitrogen-fixing bacterial community of Caraganamicrophylla (CM), C. liouana (CL), and C. roborovskyi (CR). Full names of abbreviations see Table 2.

α多样性 α diversity			群落结构 Community structure
环境因子 Environmental factor	解释度 Explains (%)	P	环境因子 Environmental factor	解释度 Explains (%)	P
pH	14.5	0.048	年均温 MAT	14.2	0.036
全氮 TN	5.9	0.182	全磷 TP	8.3	0.072
海拔 ALT	6.1	0.196	年均降水量 MAP	7.8	0.108
年均降水量 MAP	5.4	0.238	有机碳 SOC	5.6	0.158
全磷 TP	2.2	0.438	电导率 EC	2.2	0.490
电导率 EC	2	0.454	海拔 ALT	2	0.498
年均温 MAT	0.2	0.848	pH	1.8	0.544
有机碳 SOC	< 0.1	0.902	全氮 TN	0.7	0.838

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同质园环境和遗传分化影响锦鸡儿属植物根际土壤固氮菌多样性和群落结构

The common garden environment and genetic differentiation jointly influence the diversity and community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of three Caragana species

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