生物多样性 ›› 2004, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 123-130.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2004015

所属专题: 探索中国山地植物多样性的分布规律

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

太白山南坡土壤种子库的物种组成与优势成分的垂直分布格局

张玲,方精云   

  1. (北京大学环境学院生态学系,北京大学生态学研究与教育中心,北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871)
  • 收稿日期:2003-06-12 修回日期:2003-09-10 出版日期:2004-01-20 发布日期:2004-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 张玲

Composition and dominant species of soil seed bank along an altitudinal gradient in Mt. Taibai, Qinling Mountains

ZHANG Ling, FANG Jing-Yun   

  1. Department of Ecology,College of Environmental Sicences,Center for Ecological Research & Education,and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871
  • Received:2003-06-12 Revised:2003-09-10 Online:2004-01-20 Published:2004-01-20
  • Contact: ZHANG Ling

摘要: 本文通过野外植被调查和室内试验,采用物理方法从1220份土样中挑选种子,进行分类统计,研究了秦岭太白山南坡土壤种子库物种组成与优势成分的垂直格局。主要研究结果有: (1)从种子数量上看,在不同的海拔段,优势科不同;从物种数来看,海拔1600 m和海拔2600 m处的优势科数相对较多,有4个科;蔷薇科是种数最多的优势科。(2)桦木科的糙皮桦(Betula utilis)在16个海拔样地(海拔样地共有21个)中都是优势成分之一。糙皮桦和巴山冷杉(Abies fargesii)的种子储量在中等海拔呈现峰值;较高海拔处,糙皮桦作为优势成分之一所占的比例较大; 而在低海拔则相对较小。(3)从种子库中种类组成上来看,草本种类占优势; 从各样地土壤种子库的生活型组成并结合优势种类来看,乔木不仅在个体组成上占优势,大部分单优种类也是来自于乔木种类。灌木种类在土壤种子库中无论是种类组成,还是在个体组成上都没有表现出优势。本文为研究太白山南坡植物群落演替动态及其沿海拔梯度的变化提供了基础。

AbstractWe analyzed patterns of species composition and dominance in the soil seed bank along the southern slope of Mt. Taibai, Qinling Mountains. The results are summarized as follows: (1) in terms of seed number, dominant families varied along the altitudinal gradient. According to species number, there were 4 dominant families in the seed banks between 1600 m and 2600 m a.s.l., which was higher than those of other altitudes. Rosaceae was the family with the richest species in the seed bank; (2) Betula utilis occurred in 16 out of 21 plots. The dominance of Betula utilis and Abies fargesii showed a unimodal pattern along the altitudinal gradient, and (3)  combining analysis of life form composition and dominant species, trees played a dominant role in the composition of seed banks, while shrub species did not significantly influence species and individual composition of seed banks in Mt. Taibai.