Theα diversity of four Stipa communities , i. e. S . baicalensis , S . grandis , S . krylovii , and S . klemenzii in the Inner Mongolia Plateau were studied using comparable plot methods. The results showed that the species number of four Stipa communities were affected by both the size and shape of quadrats. The species-area relationship could be characterized by a power function model , S = aln A + b. The difference between numbers of species obtained by oblong quadrats and by square quadrats with twice the size of the oblong quadrats was not significant . At the same scale the species number decreased along the ecological gradients from the S . baicalensis community to the S . klemenzii community. The richness indices , including species number of the communities and Margalef index , also declined from the S . baicalensis community to the S . klemenzii community. Diversity indices including Shannon-Wiener index and Hill’ s indices N1 and N2 , were also reduced.

Three richness indices , four species diversity indices and five evenness indices were used to analyze vegetation in Luya Mountains , Shanxi. In addition , relationships among these indices were studied by correlation analysis. The results indicated that : 1) the evenness indices increased with the increase of elevation , while the richness indices and species diversity indices showed the opposite trend ; 2) the species diversity indices order of the vegetation type was as follows : deciduous broad-leaf forest > coniferous and broad-leaf forest > warm coniferous forest > cool temperate coniferous forest > deciduous broad-leaf shrub > subalpine shrub and grassland > herb- shrub ; 3) the relationship among the 12 diversity indices were well reflected by the two- dimensional ordination diagram of DCA ; 4) there were very significant correlation among richness indices , among species diversity indices and among evenness indices. All richness indices , species diversity indices and evenness indices were compared with each other , in which R₀ 、N₁ 、N₂ 、E₄ and E₅ were superior to the others.

Using phytocoenological and phytodemographic methods , we studied the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of plant species diversity of tropical natural forest in Bawangling , Hainan Island. The results showed that 1) plant communities of this area had great differences in the composition of dominant species and there were low species similarities among the communities ; 2) the mountain rain forest in this area had a larger number of species , a higher level of species evenness and relatively weaker dominance of the species than the lowland rain forest ; 3) setting priority according to species rarity , all the plants in this area can be divided into three categories according to their positions and distributions in the communities , namely rare and endangered species , characteristic species , and common species , and 4) some suggestions were put forward for the conservation of plant species diversity in this area.

The Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was employed to analyze the trend and direction of plant community succession of abandoned loess land. Seven species diversity indices were used to study the changes in species richness , species evenness and diversity in the succession. With the development of succession , species richness increased significantly , species evenness decreased slightly and diversity went up.

We set up three sampling stations on the mudflat in Shenzhen estuary to investigate free-living marine nematodes. Twenty-eight species of marine nematodes were obtained during four surveys. These nematodes belong to 22 genera , 13 families and three orders. The dominant species were Terschellingia sp1. , Daptonema sp1. , Metalinhomoeus sp. and Paradontophora sp. The density of marine nematodes was the highest in spring , the second in winter , the third in summer and the lowest in autumn. Thepattern of marine nematode assemblage was similar to that of the macrofaunal community on the mudflat in Shenzhen estuary. For example , both had low species number , low species diversity index and low richness index , and the dominant species appeared with high population density. The seasonal fluctuation of the nematode abundance showed almost the same pattern as the abundance of the polychaete , Tharyx sp. It appeared that the most dominant species of nematodes had a type of symbiotic relationship with Tharyx sp. This phenomenon may relate to their ecological habit because they live and breed in mudflats with high content of organic matter. Key words 　marine nematode , species composition , mudflat , Shenzhen estuary

To reveal isozyme variation of Red Seabream ( Pagrus major) , each 50 index samples of a wild population and of a hatchery population from Haizhou Bay of Yellow Sea were investigated through starch gel electrophoresis. Twenty loci of 13 enzymes were detected. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 45 % and 25 % ( P_0.95) , respectively , ME and EST- b showed the highest genetic variation among the detected loci. The mean heterozygosity ( Ho) in two populations were 0.141 ±0.044 and 0.095 ±0.043 , respectively. The hatchery population possesses lower genetic variation than the wild populations. The relatively small numbers of broodstock may result in the lower genetic variation of hatchery population. For the sustainable development of the mariculture in the future , some appropriate measures , such as enlarging the broodstock number , should be taken in case of the reducing of population genetic variation. The result of isozyme analyzing was compared with that of RAPD technique in this passage , which showed that these two results were identical. So it is meaningful to combine RAPD with isozyme technique in assessing population genetic variation.

Biodiversity science and bioinformatics are two of the most important and active fields in today’s life sciences. Currently , biodiversity informatics , a new interacting direction of the two fields , has risen. Its de2 velopment will deepen the application of information technology in biodiversity studies. This paper introduces the major objectives and advances of biodiversity informatics as well as related key techniques , such as database interoperability and digital library. In addition , two prototype systems , i. e. , Species 2000 and GBIF are also introduced briefly and the URLs of other related systems are listed.

Most plants regenerate by seed bank. Animal activities affect seed fate from their departure from the parent plants to the establishment of seedlings. Animals play dual roles in plant regeneration , including consuming seeds and dispersing seeds to suitable sites for seedling recruitment . These two roles are trade-off . Studying the relationship between plant regeneration and animals will help to understand population dynamics , coevolution between animals and plants , community succession , the role of animals in ecosystem function and biodiversity. In recent studies , oaks and pines have been extensively studied species. It is well known that rodents and birds are the chief predators and dispersers for large seeds.

Management mechanism of biotechnology safety in China and abroad , especially the agencies and function form of biotechnology safety management were reviewed. Methods and organizations of formation , enactment and implement of biotechnology safety at international , continental and national levels were discussed respectively , particularly the methods , regulations and function mechanism in China were introduced. Finally , the future development emphasis of biotechnology safety management of China were suggested.

Based on the introduction of the characteristics of biodiversity in northwestern China , we comprehensively viewed on the status of biodiversity , and analyzed the crisis that biodiversity in northwestern China is being facing. We put forward the ways and thoughts for biodiversity study in northwestern China as fallows : 1) inventorying all animal and plant as well as microbes species and building the geographical information system for monitoring and predicting ; 2) biological conservation studies on important endangered animals and plants ; 3) studies on ex situ conservation , artificial reproduction and enlarging population of rare and endangered species , and 4) studies on reinstating biodiversity ; 5) studies on sustainable utilization of biodiversity.

The ancient Chinese have understood species diversity , ecological diversity and genetic diversity in their long- term labor practice and investigations. Theknowledge was recorded in a great number of historical documents. They have made great contributions to biodiversity protection through developing agriculture and animal husbandry , rational utilizing biological resources , and building various reserves and gardens.

Conservationists are far from able to protect all species under threat for lack of available resources and funding. This places a premium on setting priorities. Global 200 , posed by the World Wildlife Fund , one of the approaches to setting large- scale biodiversity conservation priorities , frames a list of ecoregions to establish global conservation priorities. In this paper , we introduced method , and then evaluated limitations of the Global 200 , emphasized the ecoregions in China involved in the Global 200 , and compared their coincidence to current critical regions in China.

The three argali international hunting grounds in Subei , Akesai and Mazongshan , Gansu , have been run for 10 years , and 40 argalis were shot in 33 times of huntings. Based on the investigations on hunting grounds for argali , we set 10 factors to evaluate their situation. The result showed that their comprehensive status were fine. If management and precaution against poaching are improved , the hunting grounds are expected to achieve“A”grade.