Advances in the mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi infecting insect hosts and the defense strategies of insects

doi:10.17520/biods.2023273

Abstract

Abstract:

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi are a group of fungi that parasitize insects and cause insect death, with high insecticidal efficacy and low impact on the environment. Entomopathogenic fungi have important application and are often used as biopesticides to control pests.

ProgressThis paper provides an overview of the categorization information for insect pathogenic fungi and elaborates on the processes involved in fungal infection of the host, changes in host behavior, and the mechanism of spore transport during infection. Following that, the strategies used by insects to fight infection are sorted, focusing mostly on body wall defense, autoimmune system protection, and behavioral avoidance of fungal pathogens. On the basis of this, the coevolutionary relationship between the defense mechanisms of insects and the harmful mechanism of fungi on insects is examined.

ProspectsWe look forward to future research directions, emphasizing that the effects of insect population density and spore concentration in the environment on infectious disease outbreaks should be investigated based on basic models of infectious disease transmission dynamics, and that fungal transmission patterns should be studied to guide field applications.

Key words: entomopathogenic fungi, mechanism of infection, changes in host behavior, defensive strategy, coevolution

Haidi Qi, Dinghai Zhang, Lishan Shan, Guopeng Chen, Bo Zhang. Advances in the mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi infecting insect hosts and the defense strategies of insects[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(11): 23273.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2023273

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2023/V31/I11/23273

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References 120

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门 Phylum	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
子囊菌门 Ascomycota	散囊菌纲 Eurotiomycetes	爪甲团囊菌目 Onygenales	圆球囊菌科 Ascosphaeraceae	球囊菌属 Ascosphaera	蜜蜂球囊菌 A. apis
	粪壳菌纲 Sordariomycetes	肉座菌目 Hypocreales	线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	偏侧蛇虫草菌 O. unilateralis
			麦角菌科	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana
			Clavicipitaceae	座壳孢属 Aschersonia	粉虱座壳孢 A. aleyroids
				绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae
					莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi
虫霉门 Entomophthoromycota	虫霉纲 Entomophthoromycetes	虫霉目 Entomophthorales	虫霉科 Entomophthoraceae	虫霉属 Entomophthora	蝇虫霉 E. muscae
				团孢霉属 Massospora	蝉团孢霉 M. cicadina
				拟虫疫霉属 Eryniopsis	萤拟虫疫霉 E. lampyridarum
				噬虫霉属 Entomophaga	蝗噬虫霉 E. grylli
				虫疠霉属 Pandora	新蚜虫疠霉 P. neoaphidis

门 Phylum	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
子囊菌门 Ascomycota	散囊菌纲 Eurotiomycetes	爪甲团囊菌目 Onygenales	圆球囊菌科 Ascosphaeraceae	球囊菌属 Ascosphaera	蜜蜂球囊菌 A. apis
	粪壳菌纲 Sordariomycetes	肉座菌目 Hypocreales	线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	偏侧蛇虫草菌 O. unilateralis
			麦角菌科	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana
			Clavicipitaceae	座壳孢属 Aschersonia	粉虱座壳孢 A. aleyroids
				绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae
					莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi
虫霉门 Entomophthoromycota	虫霉纲 Entomophthoromycetes	虫霉目 Entomophthorales	虫霉科 Entomophthoraceae	虫霉属 Entomophthora	蝇虫霉 E. muscae
				团孢霉属 Massospora	蝉团孢霉 M. cicadina
				拟虫疫霉属 Eryniopsis	萤拟虫疫霉 E. lampyridarum
				噬虫霉属 Entomophaga	蝗噬虫霉 E. grylli
				虫疠霉属 Pandora	新蚜虫疠霉 P. neoaphidis