Genetic relationships of domestic sheep and goats in the lower reaches of the Yellow River based on microsatellite analysis

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07050

Abstract

Abstract:

We assessed the genetic structure and phylogenic relationships of domestic native sheep and goat breeds from the lower reaches of the Yellow River using 13 microsatellite loci. The results showed that most of these loci were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (P< 0.01), and about 61.53% of the loci were neutral, indicating that evolutionary forces such as artificial selection and migration might have effect on these breeds. We compared the total and effective number of alleles, gene diversity, polymorphism information content (PIC), Shannon's information index, observed and expected heterozygosities of the breeds. The results showed that genetic diversity was higher in sheep (P< 0.01 orP< 0.05) than in goat. However, the differential effects in different loci were different. Some extent of inbreeding existed in the two genera (H_e > H_o, F_IS > 0). We also analyzed genetic differentiation, genetic distance and population phylogenic topology structure. The results showed that the genetic divergence time of sheep populations was later than that of goat populations from same ancestors. The genetic distance between the two genera was 1.0708-1.5927. The time difference of genetic divergence was between 19,807 and 28,955 years. The degree of genetic differentiation ( F_ST < 0.05) and genetic distance (0.2185-0.3396) among sheep breeds were lower than those among goat breeds ( F_ST > 0.15 and 0.3708-0.9868, respectively). The time of genetic divergence was between 3,972 and 5,725 years of the former, and between 6,743 and 17,940 years of the latter. This paper revealed that artificial selection had a profound effect on the shaping of genetic diversity among domestic animals and their genetic differentiation.

Key words: Ovis aries, Capra hircus, microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content, heterozygosity, genetic distance

Jianmin Wang, Wenbin Yue. Genetic relationships of domestic sheep and goats in the lower reaches of the Yellow River based on microsatellite analysis[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2008, 16(1): 53-62.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07050

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2008/V16/I1/53

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品种名称 Breeds	采样地点 Sampling location	采样只数(羊群数) Sample size (flock number)
绵羊品种 Native or crossbred sheep breeds
小尾寒羊 Small-tailed Han (STH)	山东嘉祥县 Jiaxiang County	42 (14)
大尾寒羊 Large-tailed Han (LTH)	山东临清市 Linqing City	42 (22)
山地绵羊 Shandi (SD)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	29 (17)
洼地绵羊 Wadi (WD)	山东滨州市 Binzhou City	40 (18)
杂交绵羊 Crossbred (CB)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	20 (1)
山羊品种 Native goat breeds
济宁青山羊 Jining grey (JNG)	山东嘉祥县 Jiaxiang County	40 (5)
鲁北白山羊 Lubei white (LBW)	山东无棣县 Wudi County	40 (23)
莱芜黑山羊 Laiwu black (LWB)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	40 (26)
崂山奶山羊 Laoshan milk (LSM)	山东临朐县 Linqu County	40 (21)

品种名称 Breeds	采样地点 Sampling location	采样只数(羊群数) Sample size (flock number)
绵羊品种 Native or crossbred sheep breeds
小尾寒羊 Small-tailed Han (STH)	山东嘉祥县 Jiaxiang County	42 (14)
大尾寒羊 Large-tailed Han (LTH)	山东临清市 Linqing City	42 (22)
山地绵羊 Shandi (SD)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	29 (17)
洼地绵羊 Wadi (WD)	山东滨州市 Binzhou City	40 (18)
杂交绵羊 Crossbred (CB)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	20 (1)
山羊品种 Native goat breeds
济宁青山羊 Jining grey (JNG)	山东嘉祥县 Jiaxiang County	40 (5)
鲁北白山羊 Lubei white (LBW)	山东无棣县 Wudi County	40 (23)
莱芜黑山羊 Laiwu black (LWB)	山东莱芜市 Laiwu City	40 (26)
崂山奶山羊 Laoshan milk (LSM)	山东临朐县 Linqu County	40 (21)

基因座 Loci	N_a		N_e		D_k		PIC		I
基因座 Loci	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat
MAF70	12.00^a	6.75^b	6.10	4.52	0.83	0.79	0.81	0.74	2.06^a	1.60^b
BMS1248	9.80	6.25	5.28	3.91	0.83	0.74	0.75	0.69	1.85	1.52
BM6404	11.60	6.50	5.28	3.81	0.84	0.73	0.77	0.68	1.88	1.49
BMS1714	10.40^a	4.67^b	5.97	2.94	0.83	0.72	0.79	0.65	1.94	1.35
BMS1724	12.60^A	2.67^B	8.55^A	1.98^B	0.91^A	0.62^B	0.80^a	0.52^b	2.27^A	0.96^B
BMS875	9.00^a	3.00^b	4.54^a	1.98^b	0.80^a	0.60^b	0.74^a	0.50^b	1.72^A	0.96^B
BMS1678	10.80^a	6.00^b	7.29^a	3.51^b	0.89^a	0.69^b	0.83	0.62	2.10^a	1.37^b
BM203	13.40^A	1.75^B	8.44^A	1.62^B	0.91^A	0.46^B	0.85^A	0.26^B	2.26^A	0.48^B
MB023	11.80^A	2.67^B	7.66^A	1.70^B	0.88^A	0.56^B	0.85^A	0.45^B	2.20^A	0.84^B
BM3033	12.80^A	6.25^B	9.41^A	4.79^B	0.92^A	0.80^B	0.88^A	0.76^B	2.33^A	1.65^B
BMC1206	8.20^A	3.50^B	5.56^A	2.44^B	0.83^a	0.57^b	0.79^A	0.50^B	1.84^A	0.98^B
BM6526	11.60^a	4.25^b	6.79	2.86	0.88^a	0.60^b	0.82^a	0.54^b	2.09^A	1.11^B
BM6444	4.20^b	7.00^a	2.51	4.60	0.61	0.70	0.54	0.66	1.07	1.54
平均 Average	10.63^A	4.77^B	6.41^A	3.36^B	0.84^A	0.66^B	0.79^A	0.58^B	1.97^A	1.23^B

基因座 Loci	N_a		N_e		D_k		PIC		I
基因座 Loci	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat
MAF70	12.00^a	6.75^b	6.10	4.52	0.83	0.79	0.81	0.74	2.06^a	1.60^b
BMS1248	9.80	6.25	5.28	3.91	0.83	0.74	0.75	0.69	1.85	1.52
BM6404	11.60	6.50	5.28	3.81	0.84	0.73	0.77	0.68	1.88	1.49
BMS1714	10.40^a	4.67^b	5.97	2.94	0.83	0.72	0.79	0.65	1.94	1.35
BMS1724	12.60^A	2.67^B	8.55^A	1.98^B	0.91^A	0.62^B	0.80^a	0.52^b	2.27^A	0.96^B
BMS875	9.00^a	3.00^b	4.54^a	1.98^b	0.80^a	0.60^b	0.74^a	0.50^b	1.72^A	0.96^B
BMS1678	10.80^a	6.00^b	7.29^a	3.51^b	0.89^a	0.69^b	0.83	0.62	2.10^a	1.37^b
BM203	13.40^A	1.75^B	8.44^A	1.62^B	0.91^A	0.46^B	0.85^A	0.26^B	2.26^A	0.48^B
MB023	11.80^A	2.67^B	7.66^A	1.70^B	0.88^A	0.56^B	0.85^A	0.45^B	2.20^A	0.84^B
BM3033	12.80^A	6.25^B	9.41^A	4.79^B	0.92^A	0.80^B	0.88^A	0.76^B	2.33^A	1.65^B
BMC1206	8.20^A	3.50^B	5.56^A	2.44^B	0.83^a	0.57^b	0.79^A	0.50^B	1.84^A	0.98^B
BM6526	11.60^a	4.25^b	6.79	2.86	0.88^a	0.60^b	0.82^a	0.54^b	2.09^A	1.11^B
BM6444	4.20^b	7.00^a	2.51	4.60	0.61	0.70	0.54	0.66	1.07	1.54
平均 Average	10.63^A	4.77^B	6.41^A	3.36^B	0.84^A	0.66^B	0.79^A	0.58^B	1.97^A	1.23^B

基因座 Loci	H_o		H_e		F_ST		F_IS		Relat
基因座 Loci	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat	绵羊 Sheep	山羊 Goat
MAF70	0.599^A	0.225^B	0.850	0.783	0.017	0.084	0.330	0.715	0.025	0.096
BMS1248	0.401	0.400	0.796	0.737	0.061	0.066	0.543	0.460	0.078	0.088
BM6404	0.489^B	0.850^A	0.811	0.727	0.006	0.158	0.487	-0.172	0.008	0.311
BMS1714	0.395	0.731	0.839	0.538	0.046	0.091	0.622	-0.364	0.057	0.239
BMS1724	0.419	0.281	0.896^a	0.460^b	0.024	0.392	0.538	0.121	0.032	-1.288
BMS875	0.361	0.256	0.787^a	0.447^b	0.052	0.070	0.474	0.430	0.069	0.096
BMS1678	0.525	0.563	0.875^A	0.689^B	0.022	0.204	0.377	0.185	0.031	0.301
BM203	0.631^A	0.219^B	0.884^A	0.340^B	0.013	0.359	0.375	0.360	0.019	0.451
MB023	0.699^A	0.031^B	0.889^A	0.414^B	0.034	0.371	0.256	0.925	0.054	0.379
BM3033	0.804	0.856	0.913^A	0.799^B	0.002	0.065	0.132	-0.073	0.003	0.130
BMC1206	0.583^A	0.000^B	0.837^A	0.566^B	0.021	0.122	0.338	1.000	0.031	0.122
BM6526	0.540	0.488	0.869^a	0.595^b	0.012	0.294	0.370	0.183	0.017	0.413
BM6444	0.260^B	0.750^A	0.610	0.699	0.171	0.165	0.594	-0.075	0.205	0.300
平均 Average	0.516	0.464	0.835^A	0.646^B	0.035	0.164	0.412	0.280	0.049^b	0.234^a