Risk analysis of fish invasion in Haihe River Basin caused by the central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

doi:10.17520/biods.2021130

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: The Haihe River Basin is one of the seven main river basins in China. It also receives water from the central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Due to the combined effect of human activity and climate change, river degradation became the primary problem of Haihe River Basin over several decades. The South-to-North Water Diversion Project can improve the environment in this river basin, but it can also bring the risk of fish invasion. Therefore, this research was conducted to assess the risk of fish invasion in Haihe River Basin caused by this project.
Methods: Based on a field investigation and an analysis of the relevant research, differences in the fish species between the water diversion area and the water receiving area (Haihe River Basin) of South-to-North Water Diversion Project were evaluated. A risk assessment system for invasion of alien fishes and an aquatic species invasiveness screening kit V2.3 were used to assess the invasion risk of fish species which are not naturally distributed in Haihe River Basin. MaxEnt model was used to predict the potential distribution of fish species with invasion risk in Haihe River Basin.
Results: The scoring results of the risk assessment system and the aquatic species invasiveness screening kit showed that Tinca tinca, Neosalanx tangkahkeii and Silurus meridionalis have a high invasion risk, and that Odontobutis sinensis, Pelteobagrus nitidus and Siniperca knerii have a medium invasion risk. According to the prediction of potential geographic distribution areas conducted by MaxEnt, the Tuhaimajiahe River system, Zhangwei south Canal, and coastal rivers around the Bohai Sea are prone to fish invasion.
Conclusions: Aquatic organisms in the water-receiving area of Haihe River Basin should be continuously monitored, especially in areas most prone to fish invasion, for fish species with high invasion risk. A specific early screening system should be established. In addition, the fish resource investigation and invasion risk assessment for the Eastern Route Project should be carried out as soon as possible.

Key words: Haihe River Basin, water diversion area, central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, fish invasion, AS-ISK

Xuejian Li, Wenqiao Tang, Yahui Zhao. Risk analysis of fish invasion in Haihe River Basin caused by the central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(10): 1336-1347.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2021130

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I10/1336

Figures/Tables 6

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指标名称 Name of the third level index	分值Score	指标名称 Name of the third level index	分值Score
是否存在入侵史 Invasion history: happened or not	2	个体或繁殖体在运输环境的存活率 Survival rate in transportation environment of Individual or propagule	2
对入侵地区本地种的影响 Impact on native species of intrusion area	1	迁徙范围 Migration range	0
对入侵地区生态环境的影响 Impact on the environment of intrusion area	1	水域可流通性 Water circulatability	1
对入侵地区经济贸易的影响 Impact on the economy of intrusion area	0	水域受自然干扰次数 Circumstance of disturbance in water area	1
人工养殖规模 Scale of captive breeding	1	被目的性引种与传播的程度 Circumstance of introduction and dissemination	2
人工养殖分布 Distribution of captive breeding	1	评估区渔业水产业发展的程度 Circumstance of fishery of evaluation area	1
自然生态系统中的分布 Distribution in natural ecosystems	1	其他人为活动强度 Circumstance of other human activities	1
对水温的适应情况 Adaptation to water temperature	2	繁殖干扰 Reproductive interference	0
对水化因子的适应情况 Adaptation to hydration factors	2	捕食危害 Predation hazard	1
对水文条件的适应情况 Adaptation to hydrological conditions	1	竞争压力 Pressure of competition	1
存在天然饵料资源的情况 Circumstance of natural bait: exist or not	2	是否为病原体的媒介动物 Vectors of pathogens: yes or no	0
存在有效天敌的情况 Circumstance of natural enemies: exist or not	2	对自然景观的影响 Impact on landscape	0
存在竞争压力的情况 Circumstance of competitive pressure: exist or not	2	对水环境质量的影响 Impact on water environment	0
遗传多样性高低 Circumstance of genetic diversity	1	是否为人畜病原体的媒介动物 Vector animal for human and animal: yes or no	1
生长速度 Growth rate	2	个体及其分泌物对人畜的危害 Harm of individuals and their secretions	0
初次性成熟年龄 Age of initial sexual maturation	1	对经济活动的影响 Impact on the economy	1
繁殖次数 Breeding times	2	引入渠道的规范性 Normalization of the process of introduction	0
年繁殖量 Annual reproduction	2	使用程序的规范性 Normalization of procedures	0
繁殖方式 Reproduction methods	0	公众对该外来鱼入侵的防范意识 Prevention consciousness of fish invasion	2
育幼行为 Child-rearing behavior	0	现有控制技术 Existing control technology	2
个体形态特征可分辨程度 Degree of discrimination of individual characteristic	1	控制所需成本 Cost required	1
繁殖体形态特征 Morphological characteristics of propagules	2	控制造成的负面效应 Negative effects caused by control	1

指标名称 Name of the third level index	分值Score	指标名称 Name of the third level index	分值Score
是否存在入侵史 Invasion history: happened or not	2	个体或繁殖体在运输环境的存活率 Survival rate in transportation environment of Individual or propagule	2
对入侵地区本地种的影响 Impact on native species of intrusion area	1	迁徙范围 Migration range	0
对入侵地区生态环境的影响 Impact on the environment of intrusion area	1	水域可流通性 Water circulatability	1
对入侵地区经济贸易的影响 Impact on the economy of intrusion area	0	水域受自然干扰次数 Circumstance of disturbance in water area	1
人工养殖规模 Scale of captive breeding	1	被目的性引种与传播的程度 Circumstance of introduction and dissemination	2
人工养殖分布 Distribution of captive breeding	1	评估区渔业水产业发展的程度 Circumstance of fishery of evaluation area	1
自然生态系统中的分布 Distribution in natural ecosystems	1	其他人为活动强度 Circumstance of other human activities	1
对水温的适应情况 Adaptation to water temperature	2	繁殖干扰 Reproductive interference	0
对水化因子的适应情况 Adaptation to hydration factors	2	捕食危害 Predation hazard	1
对水文条件的适应情况 Adaptation to hydrological conditions	1	竞争压力 Pressure of competition	1
存在天然饵料资源的情况 Circumstance of natural bait: exist or not	2	是否为病原体的媒介动物 Vectors of pathogens: yes or no	0
存在有效天敌的情况 Circumstance of natural enemies: exist or not	2	对自然景观的影响 Impact on landscape	0
存在竞争压力的情况 Circumstance of competitive pressure: exist or not	2	对水环境质量的影响 Impact on water environment	0
遗传多样性高低 Circumstance of genetic diversity	1	是否为人畜病原体的媒介动物 Vector animal for human and animal: yes or no	1
生长速度 Growth rate	2	个体及其分泌物对人畜的危害 Harm of individuals and their secretions	0
初次性成熟年龄 Age of initial sexual maturation	1	对经济活动的影响 Impact on the economy	1
繁殖次数 Breeding times	2	引入渠道的规范性 Normalization of the process of introduction	0
年繁殖量 Annual reproduction	2	使用程序的规范性 Normalization of procedures	0
繁殖方式 Reproduction methods	0	公众对该外来鱼入侵的防范意识 Prevention consciousness of fish invasion	2
育幼行为 Child-rearing behavior	0	现有控制技术 Existing control technology	2
个体形态特征可分辨程度 Degree of discrimination of individual characteristic	1	控制所需成本 Cost required	1
繁殖体形态特征 Morphological characteristics of propagules	2	控制造成的负面效应 Negative effects caused by control	1

物种 Species	评估结果 Results	风险级别 Risk level	物种 Species	评估结果 Results	风险级别 Risk level
丁鱥 Tinca tinca	1.156	高入侵风险 High invasion risk	宜昌鳅鮀 Gobiobotia filifer	0.558	低入侵风险 Low invasion risk
陈氏新银鱼 Neosalanx tangkahkeii	1.127		中华纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax sinensis	0.543
大口鲇 Silurus meridionalis	1.074		嘉陵颌须鮈 Gnathopogon herzensteini	0.515
中华沙塘鳢 Odontobutis sinensis	0.961	中入侵风险 Medium invasion risk	细纹颌须鮈 Gnathopogon taeniellus	0.509
光泽黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus nitidus	0.929		白缘? Liobagrus marginatus	0.451
大眼鳜 Siniperca knerii	0.926		拟缘? Liobagrus marginatoides	0.432
切尾拟鲿 Pseudobagrus truncatus	0.686	低入侵风险 Low invasion risk	川陕哲罗鲑 Hucho bleekeri	0.394
吻鮈 Rhinogobio typus	0.684		司氏? Liobagrus styani	0.325
短须颌须鮈 Gnathopogon imberbis	0.667		秦岭细鳞鲑 Brachymystax tsinlingensis	0.212

物种 Species	评估结果 Results	风险级别 Risk level	物种 Species	评估结果 Results	风险级别 Risk level
丁鱥 Tinca tinca	1.156	高入侵风险 High invasion risk	宜昌鳅鮀 Gobiobotia filifer	0.558	低入侵风险 Low invasion risk
陈氏新银鱼 Neosalanx tangkahkeii	1.127		中华纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax sinensis	0.543
大口鲇 Silurus meridionalis	1.074		嘉陵颌须鮈 Gnathopogon herzensteini	0.515
中华沙塘鳢 Odontobutis sinensis	0.961	中入侵风险 Medium invasion risk	细纹颌须鮈 Gnathopogon taeniellus	0.509
光泽黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus nitidus	0.929		白缘? Liobagrus marginatus	0.451
大眼鳜 Siniperca knerii	0.926		拟缘? Liobagrus marginatoides	0.432
切尾拟鲿 Pseudobagrus truncatus	0.686	低入侵风险 Low invasion risk	川陕哲罗鲑 Hucho bleekeri	0.394
吻鮈 Rhinogobio typus	0.684		司氏? Liobagrus styani	0.325
短须颌须鮈 Gnathopogon imberbis	0.667		秦岭细鳞鲑 Brachymystax tsinlingensis	0.212

物种 Species	评估结果 Results				置信度 Confidence
物种 Species	BRA	Level	BRA + CCA	Level	BRA	CCA	BRA + CCA
大口鲇 Silurus meridionalis	48	高 High	60	高 High	0.99	0.84	0.99
中华沙塘鳢 Odontobutis sinensis	37	高 High	43	高 High	0.99	0.88	0.98
丁鱥 Tinca tinca	33	高 High	45	高 High	0.99	0.96	0.99
陈氏新银鱼 Neosalanx tangkahkeii	31.5	高 High	43.5	高 High	0.95	0.83	0.94
光泽黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus nitidus	28	中 Medium	32	中 Medium	0.99	0.72	0.88
拟缘? Liobagrus marginatoides	1	低 Low	-3	低 Low	0.92	0.71	0.90
司氏? Liobagrus styani	1	低 Low	-7	低 Low	0.93	0.83	0.92
宜昌鳅鮀 Gobiobotia filifer	0	低 Low	-6	低 Low	0.91	0.92	0.91
细纹颌须鮈 Gnathopogon taeniellus	-0.5	低 Low	-0.5	低 Low	0.91	0.75	0.89
秦岭细鳞鲑 Brachymystax tsinlingensis	-1	低 Low	-13	低 Low	0.95	0.91	0.95
切尾拟鲿 Pseudobagrus truncatus	-2.5	低 Low	-6.5	低 Low	0.84	0.75	0.83
吻鮈 Rhinogobio typus	-3.5	低 Low	-7.5	低 Low	0.90	0.75	0.89
中华纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax sinensis	-4	低 Low	-4	低 Low	0.91	0.79	0.90
川陕哲罗鲑 Hucho bleekeri	-5	低 Low	-17	低 Low	0.96	0.92	0.97
大眼鳜 Siniperca knerii	-8	低 Low	-6	低 Low	0.99	0.75	0.96
短须颌须鮈 Gnathopogon imberbis	-9	低 Low	-11	低 Low	0.95	0.83	0.94
嘉陵颌须鮈 Gnathopogon herzensteini	-9	低 Low	-17	低 Low	0.88	0.75	0.86
白缘? Liobagrus marginatus	-10	低 Low	-12	低 Low	0.89	0.75	0.87