Abstract: Being a newly developed , cross-disciplinary field directed to answering the crisis of sharp biodiversity loss , conservation biology has made fast progress and become an independent subject in the past ten to twenty years. Scientists , however , seem to be indulging in the academic research of conservation biology and pay little attention to the issue of how biology conservation can conf ront all kinds of difficulties. As a result , conservation practice often has low impact or is even ineffective. In the present paper , we discuss the difficulties based on the ethics of biodiversity conservation , conservation biology theories and conservation practice. In our opinion , the most important factors that have sharply accelerated biodiversity loss are nothing else but complex negative driving forces from human society and economics and this is now restricting the achievement of biodiversity conservation practice. The purpose of this paper is to port ray the difficulties of biodiversity conservation and call attention from scientists , leaders , educators and farmers.