四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区位于全球生物多样性热点地区之一的横断山区, 是我国生物多样性保护优先区。本文利用红外相机影像和已发表文献对该保护区的大中型兽类和地面活动鸟类进行编目并提出未来监测建议。2011-2018年在97个1 km × 1 km的网格安放红外相机, 累计39,881个相机日, 获得独立有效照片20,932张, 其中野生兽类16,244张, 鸟类2,775张, 牲畜1,737张, 人176张。鉴定出野生兽类30种, 另有文献报道4种和观察3种, 分属于5目15科; 鸟类78种, 分属于9目22科; 牲畜6种。包括12种国家I级和28种国家II级重点保护野生动物; 被CITES附录I收录的有11种, 附录II收录的有12种。被IUCN红色名录评估为濒危(EN)和易危(VU)等级的分别有3种和8种。被《中国脊椎动物红色名录》评估为极危(CR)、濒危和易危等级的分别有5、5和11种。相对多度指数(relative abundance index, RAI)排名前三的兽类是毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus, 147.39)、水鹿(Rusa unicolor, 66.10)、野猪(Sus scrofa, 36.03); 鸟类是血雉(Ithaginis cruentus, 14.64)、白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon, 10.43)、大噪鹛(Garrulax maximus, 8.05)。阔叶林、针阔混交林、高山灌丛草甸和高山流石滩是调查薄弱生境, 后期应开展重点调查, 以厘清本区域大中型兽类资源。

Aims The Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve lies in the global biodiversity hotspot—the Hengduan Mountains and is a priority area of biodiversity conservation in China. However, surveys of large to medium-sized mammals are insufficient in the reserve. For this reason, we conducted a camera trap survey during 2011-2018.

Methods Camera traps were placed in 97 grid cells (1 km × 1 km per cell) with a minimum distance of over 500 m and at the altitudes of 2,672-4,764 m. Only one camera was placed in a cell during the same period. Seventy grid cells located continuously along the western slope of Mt. Gongga.

Results A total of 20,932 independent photographs were taken over 39,881 camera-days. Thirty wild mammal species and 78 bird species were captured by camera traps. Seven other mammal species were reported by literature or occasional observation. Among them, 12 species are class I, and 28 are class II national protected animals. 11 and 12 species are listed in the CITES Appendix I and II, respectively. According to the IUCN Red List, 3 and 8 species are listed as endangered (EN) and vulnerable (VU) species, respectively. According to Red List of China’s Vertebrates, 5 species are listed as Critically Endangered (CR), 5 are listed as endangered, and 11 are listed as vulnerable. Using a relative abundance index, the three most detected mammal species were the tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus, 147.39), sambar deer (Rusa unicolor, 66.10), and wild boar (Sus scrofa, 36.03); the three most detected avian species were the blood pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus, 14.64), white eared pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon, 10.43), and giant laughingthrush (Garrulax maximus, 8.05).

Conclusion We provided an inventory of large to medium-sized mammals in the reserve. More in-depth investigations should be conducted in broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, alpine shrub meadow, and alpine scree to survey other undetected mammals.