生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 1047-1055.DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019221
• 研究报告:植物多样性 • 下一篇
收稿日期:
2019-07-09
接受日期:
2019-10-29
出版日期:
2019-10-20
发布日期:
2019-12-20
通讯作者:
赵彩云
基金资助:
Gao Kexiao,Li Feifei,Liu Xiaoyan,Xiong Yunqi,Li Junsheng,Zhao Caiyun()
Received:
2019-07-09
Accepted:
2019-10-29
Online:
2019-10-20
Published:
2019-12-20
Contact:
Zhao Caiyun
摘要:
外来入侵植物快速扩散、蔓延, 有些种类已进入到国家级自然保护区, 威胁保护区的生物多样性。本文基于九万山国家级自然保护区134个草本样方的调查数据, 对比分析了外来入侵草本和本地草本物种多样性的空间分布格局, 并阐明了气候因素对物种丰富度分布格局的影响。本研究共记录本地草本143种, 隶属于54科115属; 外来入侵草本16种, 隶属于7科13属。本地草本的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数随海拔上升显著增加(P < 0.05), 而外来入侵草本的物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数随海拔升高呈下降趋势(P > 0.05)。本地草本和入侵草本的均匀度随海拔升高变化均不显著(P > 0.05)。在不同海拔梯度, 本地草本的Shannon-Wiener指数均显著高于外来入侵草本, 均匀度则相反。回归分析表明, 温度和降水量共解释了本地草本物种丰富度差异的41.6%, 其中温度解释率为21.4%, 降水量解释率为10.7%, 且温度的影响达到显著水平(P < 0.05)。温度和降水量对外来入侵草本的物种丰富度均无显著影响(P > 0.05), 单一因子解释率均较低, 分别为0.9%和0.4%。这些结果表明, 九万山国家级自然保护区外来入侵草本与本地草本物种多样性随海拔变化呈截然相反的空间分布格局, 且气候因素对两者分布格局的影响不同。外来入侵草本植物在海拔800-1,000 m地区具有相对多样的群落组成和较稳定的群落结构, 可能会威胁本地植物多样性, 建议加强此海拔区间外来入侵草本植物的管理。
高珂晓,李飞飞,柳晓燕,熊韫琦,李俊生,赵彩云. 广西九万山国家级自然保护区外来入侵和本地草本植物多样性垂直分布格局[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(10): 1047-1055.
Gao Kexiao,Li Feifei,Liu Xiaoyan,Xiong Yunqi,Li Junsheng,Zhao Caiyun. Elevational patterns of invasive nonnative and native herbaceous species in Jiuwan Mountain National Nature Reserve of Guangxi[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(10): 1047-1055.
图3 九万山国家级自然保护区本地与外来入侵草本丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数及均匀度指数随海拔的分布
Fig. 3 Elevational pattern of native and invasive herbs species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, and evenness index in Jiuwan Mountain National Nature Reserve
模型因子 Model factors | P | 赤池信息准则 Akaike Information Criterion | 偏差解释 Deviance explained (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
本地草本 Native herbs | 年均温 Mean annual temperature | 0.017* | 115.379 | 21.4 |
年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation | 0.103 | 118.709 | 10.7 | |
年均温/年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation/Mean annual temperature | 0.006**/0.203 | 113.215 | 41.6 | |
入侵草本 Invasive herbs | 年均温 Mean annual temperature | 0.643 | 43.340 | 0.9 |
年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation | 0.772 | 43.484 | 0.4 | |
年均温/年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation/Mean annual temperature | 0.013*/0.103 | 38.878 | 34.3 |
表1 广义加性模型拟合结果偏差分析。* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01。
Table 1 Analysis of deviance for generalized additive model fitted to research data. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.
模型因子 Model factors | P | 赤池信息准则 Akaike Information Criterion | 偏差解释 Deviance explained (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
本地草本 Native herbs | 年均温 Mean annual temperature | 0.017* | 115.379 | 21.4 |
年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation | 0.103 | 118.709 | 10.7 | |
年均温/年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation/Mean annual temperature | 0.006**/0.203 | 113.215 | 41.6 | |
入侵草本 Invasive herbs | 年均温 Mean annual temperature | 0.643 | 43.340 | 0.9 |
年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation | 0.772 | 43.484 | 0.4 | |
年均温/年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation/Mean annual temperature | 0.013*/0.103 | 38.878 | 34.3 |
图4 本地草本物种丰富度与年均温、年均降水量的关系(虚线: 95%置信区间)
Fig. 4 Relationship between native herbaceous richness and temperature or precipitation (dashed lines: 95% confidence bands)
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