生物多样性 ›› 2006, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 145-151.  DOI: 10.1360/biodiv.050141

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江天童常绿阔叶林中11种常绿乔灌木叶片虫食状分析

王宏伟1,2,蔡永立1,2*,李恺2,3,江红1,2,田玉鹏1,2   

  1. 1 (华东师范大学资源与环境学院, 上海 200062)
    2 (上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200062)
    3 (华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200062)
  • 收稿日期:2005-06-27 修回日期:2006-01-25 出版日期:2006-03-20 发布日期:2006-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 蔡永立

Insect herbivory patterns on leaves of 11 plant species in the evergreen broad-leaved forests of Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang

Hongwei Wang 1,2, Yongli Cai 1,2*,Kai Li2,3, Hong Jiang1,2, Yupeng Tian1,2   

  1. 1 School of Resources and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062
    2 Shanghai Key Laboratory for Ecology of Urbanization Process and Eco-restoration, Shanghai 200062
    3 School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062
  • Received:2005-06-27 Revised:2006-01-25 Online:2006-03-20 Published:2006-03-20
  • Contact: Yongli Cai

摘要: 为探讨昆虫对植物叶片的取食行为和伤害方式, 作者选择浙江天童常绿阔叶林内的11种常绿乔灌木为对象, 对叶片虫食状类型和格局进行分析。结果如下: (1)共发现16种虫食状类型, 每种植物叶片虫食状类型数在10–13种之间, 每种虫食状出现频率在0.5–28.7%之间。缘食状出现频率最高(28.7%), 虫瘿和泡状出现频率最低(0.5%)。(2)叶片虫食状分布格局可分为3种类型, 即一种虫食状占绝对优势的单优格局, 如马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)和檵木(Loropetalum chinense); 两种虫食状(缘食状和顶食状)共占优势的双优格局, 仅有木荷(Schima superba); 3种及3种以上虫食状占优势的多优格局(其余8种植物)。(3)叶片虫食状多样性指数变化在1.57–2.23之间, 最高为苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla), 最低为马银花; 乔木的多样性指数(2.040)高于灌木(1.882), 优势种多样性指数高于伴生种, 但差异均不显著; 多样性指数反映了虫食状类型和出现频率的综合差异。(4)16种虫食状类型中有8对显著正相关, 4对显著负相关, 可能反映出不同类型昆虫取食植物的趋同和差异。

AbstractIn order to study behavior of insect herbivory and its damage to leaves, we investigated herbivory patterns on the leaves of 11 evergreen plant species in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests of Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 16 herbivory patterns were found, and for each tree species, herbivory patterns ranged from 10 to 13. The frequency of each herbivory patterns varied from 0.5% to 28.7%. The frequency of Edge Defoliation (ED) was the highest (28.7%), while that of Gall and Bloth-shaped mine (BM) were the lowest (0.5%). (2) Three distribution patterns could be classified according to the number of dominant herbivory patterns in a tree species: mono-dominant distribution (with only one dominant pattern), such as Edge Defoliation on Rhododendron ovatum and Loropetalum chinense leaves; bi-dominant (with two dominant patterns), such as Edge Defoliation and Top Defoliation on Schima superba leaves; and multi-dominant (with three or more dominant herbivory patterns), such as in the other eight tree species. (3) Shannon-Wiener diversity index of herbivory patterns varied from 1.57 to 2.23 among 11 tree species, with the highest in Castanopsis sclerophylla and the lowest in Rhododendron ovatum. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in the six arbor species (2.040) than in five shrub species (1.882), and higher in dominant species than in companion species, however, the differences were not significant. (4) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations among eight pairs of herbivory patterns and significant negative correlation among four pairs, suggesting similarities and differences in selection by herbivorous insects.