花颜色和花气味的量化研究方法

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09025

生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (3): 308-316. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09025

所属专题：传粉生物学：理论探讨与初步实践；传粉生物学

花颜色和花气味的量化研究方法

李庆良¹, 马晓开²^,³, 程瑾¹^,^*(), 罗毅波²

1 北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院, 北京 100083
2 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
3 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2012-01-17 接受日期:2012-04-11 出版日期:2012-05-20 发布日期:2012-05-09
通讯作者: 程瑾
作者简介:*E-mail: chengjin@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
北京林业大学青年科技启动基金(BLX2009004);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(BLYX200937);国家自然科学基金(31000202)

Quantitative studies of floral color and floral scent

Qingliang Li¹, Xiaokai Ma²^,³, Jin Cheng¹^,^*(), Yibo Luo²

1 College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083
2 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
3 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2012-01-17 Accepted:2012-04-11 Online:2012-05-20 Published:2012-05-09
Contact: Jin Cheng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

花颜色和花气味是花部构成的重要内容。在已开展的传粉生态学研究中对二者的报道主要是描述性的, 而其量化研究可以为揭示传粉机制提供有力的实验证据。本文主要介绍了花颜色的测量和标定方法, 包括比色卡、分光色差仪和便携式光谱仪等; 花气味的采集方法, 包括动态顶空套袋-吸附采集法、吸附-溶剂洗脱法和固相微萃取法等; 花气味的检测和分析方法, 包括气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析和电子鼻型超速气相色谱仪分析等; 以及昆虫行为学实验方法, 包括气相色谱-昆虫触角电位联用技术、Y型嗅觉仪和飞行箱实验等。科研人员可以根据实验材料的特点和实验目的选择适合的量化研究方法。

关键词: 花部构成, 花颜色, 花气味, 量化研究, 昆虫行为学实验

Abstract

Floral color and scent are two important components of floral design. Although previous studies on floral design have been mostly descriptive. The exploration on their quantitative studies can provide key evidence to learn pollination mechanisms. Our study focuses on recently developed methods for the quantitative measurement of floral color and floral scent. We introduce three floral color measurement and plotting methods, including color chart, colorimeter and spectrometer. Dynamic headspace collection-adsorption, adsorption-solvent desorption and solid phase micro-extraction are the three frequently-used floral scent collection methods and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and zNose are usually used in floral scent analysis. Lastly, gas chromatography with electroantennographic detector, Y-tube olfactometer and flight cage experiment can help us to evaluate insect behavior.

Key words: floral design, floral color, floral scent, quantitative study, insect behavior experiments

李庆良, 马晓开, 程瑾, 罗毅波 (2012) 花颜色和花气味的量化研究方法. 生物多样性, 20, 308-316. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09025.

Qingliang Li, Xiaokai Ma, Jin Cheng, Yibo Luo (2012) Quantitative studies of floral color and floral scent. Biodiversity Science, 20, 308-316. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09025.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09025

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2012/V20/I3/308

图/表 5

图1 花颜色的测量方法。(A)英国皇家园艺学会比色卡的组成和结构(红色箭头指示的颜色记为118A); (B)便携式光谱仪测量体系连接图。

Fig. 1 Floral color measurement. (A) Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart. The color with red arrows was recorded as 118A; (B) The connection of measurement system of spectrometer.

图2 昆虫视觉颜色空间。(A)蜂类视觉颜色空间六边形模型(改自Chittka et al.,1992); (B)蝇类视觉颜色空间四边形模型(改自Arnold et al., 2009)。

Fig. 2 Color space of insects. (A) Bee color hexagon model (modified from Chittka et al., 1992); (B) Fly color tetragonum model (modified from Arnold et al., 2009).

图3 花气味采集方法。(A)动态顶空套袋-吸附采集法装置图; (B)吸附-溶剂洗脱法装置图; (C)固相微萃取采样器(去外部保护套管示内部结构)。

Fig. 3 Floral scent collection methods. (A) Dynamic headspace collection-adsorption; (B) Adsorption-solvent desorption; (C) The sampler of solid phase micro-extraction (showing inner structure except protecting tube).

图4 GC-EAD结果图(引自Brodmann et al., 2008)

Fig. 4 The result of GC-EAD (from Brodmann et al., 2008)

图5 昆虫行为学实验。(A)自制Y型嗅觉仪示意图(引自Cheng et al., 2009); (B)自制陷阱实验装置; (C)飞行箱实验。

Fig. 5 Insect behavior assay. (A) The Y-tube olfactometer made by oneself (from Cheng et al., 2009); (B) The trap assay made by oneself; (C) Flight cage experiment.

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花颜色和花气味的量化研究方法

Quantitative studies of floral color and floral scent

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