内蒙古荒漠沙柳AM真菌物种多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09221

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分别于2009年5月、8月和10月在内蒙古黑城子、正蓝旗和元上都3个样地采集沙柳(Salix psammophila)根围0-50 cm土层土样, 研究了AM真菌群落组成及其生态分布特点。在分离的4属37种AM真菌中, 球囊霉属(Glomus)23种, 无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)10种, 这两属是3样地共同优势属; 盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)3种, 仅分布在黑城子和正蓝旗样地; 巨孢囊霉属(Gigaspora)1种, 仅分布在正蓝旗样地; 网状球囊霉(G. reticulatum)是3样地共同优势种。AM真菌种丰度、均匀度指数、Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数大小依次是正蓝旗>黑城子>元上都; 元上都样地的AM真菌组成与其他样地差异显著; 8月和10月的AM真菌种丰度、Shannon多样性指数显著高于5月。随土壤碱解N含量提高, AM真菌种丰度、均匀度指数、物种多样性指数先升后降。结果提示, 在评估荒漠环境沙柳和AM真菌共生关系时, AM真菌生态分布和丰富度是十分有用的指标。

关键词: Shannon多样性指数, 碱解N, 土壤因子, Salix psammophila, 荒漠环境

Abstract

Salix psammophila is an excellent sand-fixation plant that can not only thrive in arid desert environment, but also can fix sand and promote desert management by maintaining the balance and stability of desert ecosystems. To understand the species diversity and ecological distribution of AM fungi associated with S. psammophila, we collected soil samples (0-50 cm deep) from the rhizosphere of S. psammophila at three different sites (Heichengzi, Zhenglanqi and Yuanshangdu) in Inner Mongolia in May, August and October 2009. A total of 37 AM fungal species belonging to four genera were isolated. Of these, 23 species belong to Glomus, 10 to Acaulospora, 3 to Scutellospora, and 1 to Gigaspora. Glomus reticulatum was the dominant species at all three sites, Scutellospora was found only in Heichengzi and Zhenglanqi, and Gigaspora decipiens only in Zhenglanqi. Generally, species richness, evenness, Shannon diversity and Simpson diversity indices showed the following trend across sites: Zhenglanqi > Heichengzi > Yuanshangdu. Species diversity of AM fungi in Yuanshangdu was significantly lower than that at the other sites. Species richness and Shannon diversity index of AM fungi were higher in August and October than in May. Species richness, evenness, and diversity indices first increased and then decreased with increasing levels of soil available N. Our results suggest that the subtle complexities present in the symbiotic relationship between S. psammophila and AM fungi in desert ecosystems.

Key words: Shannon diversity index, available N, soil factors, Salix psammophila, desert

杨静, 贺学礼, 赵丽莉 (2011) 内蒙古荒漠沙柳AM真菌物种多样性. 生物多样性, 19, 377-385. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09221.

Jing Yang, Xueli He, Lili Zhao (2011) Species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Salix psammophila in Inner Mongolia desert. Biodiversity Science, 19, 377-385. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09221.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09221

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I3/377

图/表 8

参考文献 30

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	黑城子 Heichengzi			正蓝旗 Zhenglanqi			元上都 Yuanshangdu
	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)
无梗囊霉属 Acaulospora	100^a	71.86^a	85.93^a	100^a	71.23^a	85.61^a	100^a	19.25^b	59.76^b
球囊霉属 Glomus	100^a	23.93^b	61.97^b	100^a	23.79^b	61.90^b	100^a	80.48^a	90.24^a
盾巨孢囊霉属 Scutellospora	15^b	4.20^c	9.60^c	15^b	4.50^c	11.42^c	-	-	-
巨孢囊霉属 Gigaspora	-	-	-	1.67^c	0.47^c	1.07^d	-	-	-

	黑城子 Heichengzi			正蓝旗 Zhenglanqi			元上都 Yuanshangdu
	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)	分离频度 F(%)	相对多度 RA(%)	重要值 IV(%)
无梗囊霉属 Acaulospora	100^a	71.86^a	85.93^a	100^a	71.23^a	85.61^a	100^a	19.25^b	59.76^b
球囊霉属 Glomus	100^a	23.93^b	61.97^b	100^a	23.79^b	61.90^b	100^a	80.48^a	90.24^a
盾巨孢囊霉属 Scutellospora	15^b	4.20^c	9.60^c	15^b	4.50^c	11.42^c	-	-	-
巨孢囊霉属 Gigaspora	-	-	-	1.67^c	0.47^c	1.07^d	-	-	-

	黑城子 Heichengzi				正蓝旗 Zhenglanqi				元上都 Yuanshangdu
	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom
双网无梗囊霉 Acaulospora bireticulata	73.33^bc	7.38^bc	40.36^b	B	71.67^bc	7.72^b	39.69^bc	B	78.33^b	10.22^b	44.28^b	B
细齿无梗囊霉 A. denticulata	5.00^j	0.26^h	2.63^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
凹坑无梗囊霉 A. excavata	45.00^de	3.18^e	24.09^d	C	28.33^ghi	3.14^e	15.73^cd	C	-	-	-	-
孔窝无梗囊霉 A. foveata	26.67^f	2.84^ef	14.75^e	C	25.00^ghi	3.28^e	14.14^d	C	8.33^e	2.82^c	5.58^d	D
詹氏无梗囊霉 A. gerdemannii	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.63^f	7.48^e	D	-	-	-	-
光壁无梗囊霉 A. laevis	53.33^d	3.14^e	28.37^cd	C	53.33^cde	4.41^d	28.87^c	C	26.67^d	3.13^c	14.90^cd	C
细凹无梗囊霉 A. scrobiculata	35.00^e	2.76^ef	18.88^de	C	23.33^ghi	1.89^f	12.61^d	C	-	-	-	-
刺无梗囊霉 A. spinosa	6.67^jk	2.55^ef	4.61^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
瘤状无梗囊霉 A. tuberculata	21.67^f	2.34^f	12.00^e	C	21.67^ghi	2.66^ef	12.16^d	C	-	-	-	-
无梗囊霉属1种 Acaulospora sp.1	-	-	-	-	5.00^j	0.28^g	2.63^e	D	-	-	-	-
聚丛球囊霉 Glomus aggregatum	18.33^fi	1.21^g	9.77^f	D	25.00 ^ghi	1.69^f	13.34^d	C	8.33^e	2.06^c	5.20^d	D
棒孢球囊霉 G. clavisporum	-	-	-	-	5.00^j	0.47^g	2.74^e	D	-	-	-	-
缩球囊霉 G. constrictum	80.00^ab	4.83^de	42.42^b	B	71.67^bc	4.73^d	38.20^bc	B	55.00^bc	6.25^bc	30.63^bc	B
卷曲球囊霉 G. convolutum	43.33^de	2.89^ef	23.11^d	C	36.67^def	3.43^e	20.05^c	C	26.67^d	3.43^c	15.05^cd	C
帚状球囊霉 G. coremioides	3.33^j	0.34^h	1.84^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
沙荒球囊霉 G. deserticola	13.33ⁱ	1.08^g	7.21^f	D	16.67^hi	1.33^f	9.00^e	D	-	-	-	-
长孢球囊霉 G. dolichosporum	25.00^f	1.92^fg	13.46^e	C	8.33^j	0.80^g	4.57^e	D	-	-	-	-
集球囊霉 G. fasciculatum	21.67^f	3.10^e	12.38^e	C	20.00^ghi	1.78^f	10.89^d	C	-	-	-	-
多产球囊霉 G. fecundisporum	60.00^c	3.94^e	31.97^c	B	35.00^efg	3.82^de	19.41^cd	C	35.00^c	2.90^c	18.95^cd	C
地球囊霉 G. geosporum	85.00^ab	7.67^bc	46.34^ab	B	83.33^ab	6.98^bc	45.16^b	B	76.67^b	10.45^b	43.56^b	B
聚集球囊霉 G. glomerulatum	-	-	-	-	11.67ⁱ	1.54^f	6.60^e	D	-	-	-	-
晕环球囊霉 G. halonatum	6.67^j	0.68^h	3.67^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
海得拉巴球囊霉 G. hyderabadensis	6.67^j	0.79^h	3.73^f	D	5.00^j	0.98^fg	2.99^e	D	-	-	-	-
宽柄球囊霉 G. magnicaule	11.67ⁱ	1.44^g	6.56^f	D	15.00^hi	1.60^f	8.30^e	D	5.00^e	0.31^d	2.65^d	D
黑球囊霉 G. melanosporum	100.00^a	7.64^bc	53.82^a	A	93.33^a	6.09^cde	49.71^b	B	93.33^a	11.06^ab	52.20^a	A
摩西球囊霉 G. mosseae	26.67^f	2.68^ef	14.67^e	C	20.00^ghi	3.11^e	11.55^d	C	-	-	-	-
多梗球囊霉 G. multicaule	21.67^f	1.63^fg	11.65^e	C	33.33^gh	2.63^ef	17.98^cd	C	18.33^de	2.82^c	10.58^cd	C
凹坑球囊霉 G. multiforum	46.67^de	3.23^e	24.95^d	C	33.33^gh	3.67^e	18.50^cd	C	15.00^de	2.59^c	8.80^d	D
具疱球囊霉 G. pustulatum	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.36^f	7.35^e	D	-	-	-	-
网状球囊霉 G. reticulatum	100.00^a	11.22^a	55.61^a	A	100.00^a	10.83^a	55.41^a	A	100.00^a	19.15^a	59.57^a	A
荫性球囊霉 G. tenebrosum	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.12^f	7.23^e	D	-	-	-	-
地表球囊霉 G. versiforme	58.33^d	5.17^cd	31.75^c	B	55.00^cd	4.59^d	29.79^c	C	48.33^c	7.55^bc	27.94^c	C
粘质球囊霉 G. viscosum	91.67^ab	8.43^b	50.05^a	A	93.33^a	6.86^cde	50.10^a	A	76.67^b	11.29^ab	43.98^b	B
易误巨孢囊霉 Gigaspora decipiens	-	-	-	-	6.67^j	1.27^f	3.97^e	D	-	-	-	-
美丽盾巨孢囊霉 Scutellospora calospora	16.67ⁱ	1.50^fg	9.08^f	D	15.00^hi	1.15^f	8.08^e	D	-	-	-	-
红色盾巨孢囊霉 Scu. erythropa	21.67^f	1.76^fg	11.71^e	C	18.33^hi	1.39^f	9.86^e	D	-	-	-	-
网纹盾巨孢囊霉 Scu. reticulata	26.67^f	2.10^f	14.38^e	C	25.00^ghi	2.13^ef	13.57^d	C	-	-	-	-

	黑城子 Heichengzi				正蓝旗 Zhenglanqi				元上都 Yuanshangdu
	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom	F(%)	RA(%)	IV(%)	Dom
双网无梗囊霉 Acaulospora bireticulata	73.33^bc	7.38^bc	40.36^b	B	71.67^bc	7.72^b	39.69^bc	B	78.33^b	10.22^b	44.28^b	B
细齿无梗囊霉 A. denticulata	5.00^j	0.26^h	2.63^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
凹坑无梗囊霉 A. excavata	45.00^de	3.18^e	24.09^d	C	28.33^ghi	3.14^e	15.73^cd	C	-	-	-	-
孔窝无梗囊霉 A. foveata	26.67^f	2.84^ef	14.75^e	C	25.00^ghi	3.28^e	14.14^d	C	8.33^e	2.82^c	5.58^d	D
詹氏无梗囊霉 A. gerdemannii	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.63^f	7.48^e	D	-	-	-	-
光壁无梗囊霉 A. laevis	53.33^d	3.14^e	28.37^cd	C	53.33^cde	4.41^d	28.87^c	C	26.67^d	3.13^c	14.90^cd	C
细凹无梗囊霉 A. scrobiculata	35.00^e	2.76^ef	18.88^de	C	23.33^ghi	1.89^f	12.61^d	C	-	-	-	-
刺无梗囊霉 A. spinosa	6.67^jk	2.55^ef	4.61^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
瘤状无梗囊霉 A. tuberculata	21.67^f	2.34^f	12.00^e	C	21.67^ghi	2.66^ef	12.16^d	C	-	-	-	-
无梗囊霉属1种 Acaulospora sp.1	-	-	-	-	5.00^j	0.28^g	2.63^e	D	-	-	-	-
聚丛球囊霉 Glomus aggregatum	18.33^fi	1.21^g	9.77^f	D	25.00 ^ghi	1.69^f	13.34^d	C	8.33^e	2.06^c	5.20^d	D
棒孢球囊霉 G. clavisporum	-	-	-	-	5.00^j	0.47^g	2.74^e	D	-	-	-	-
缩球囊霉 G. constrictum	80.00^ab	4.83^de	42.42^b	B	71.67^bc	4.73^d	38.20^bc	B	55.00^bc	6.25^bc	30.63^bc	B
卷曲球囊霉 G. convolutum	43.33^de	2.89^ef	23.11^d	C	36.67^def	3.43^e	20.05^c	C	26.67^d	3.43^c	15.05^cd	C
帚状球囊霉 G. coremioides	3.33^j	0.34^h	1.84^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
沙荒球囊霉 G. deserticola	13.33ⁱ	1.08^g	7.21^f	D	16.67^hi	1.33^f	9.00^e	D	-	-	-	-
长孢球囊霉 G. dolichosporum	25.00^f	1.92^fg	13.46^e	C	8.33^j	0.80^g	4.57^e	D	-	-	-	-
集球囊霉 G. fasciculatum	21.67^f	3.10^e	12.38^e	C	20.00^ghi	1.78^f	10.89^d	C	-	-	-	-
多产球囊霉 G. fecundisporum	60.00^c	3.94^e	31.97^c	B	35.00^efg	3.82^de	19.41^cd	C	35.00^c	2.90^c	18.95^cd	C
地球囊霉 G. geosporum	85.00^ab	7.67^bc	46.34^ab	B	83.33^ab	6.98^bc	45.16^b	B	76.67^b	10.45^b	43.56^b	B
聚集球囊霉 G. glomerulatum	-	-	-	-	11.67ⁱ	1.54^f	6.60^e	D	-	-	-	-
晕环球囊霉 G. halonatum	6.67^j	0.68^h	3.67^f	D	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
海得拉巴球囊霉 G. hyderabadensis	6.67^j	0.79^h	3.73^f	D	5.00^j	0.98^fg	2.99^e	D	-	-	-	-
宽柄球囊霉 G. magnicaule	11.67ⁱ	1.44^g	6.56^f	D	15.00^hi	1.60^f	8.30^e	D	5.00^e	0.31^d	2.65^d	D
黑球囊霉 G. melanosporum	100.00^a	7.64^bc	53.82^a	A	93.33^a	6.09^cde	49.71^b	B	93.33^a	11.06^ab	52.20^a	A
摩西球囊霉 G. mosseae	26.67^f	2.68^ef	14.67^e	C	20.00^ghi	3.11^e	11.55^d	C	-	-	-	-
多梗球囊霉 G. multicaule	21.67^f	1.63^fg	11.65^e	C	33.33^gh	2.63^ef	17.98^cd	C	18.33^de	2.82^c	10.58^cd	C
凹坑球囊霉 G. multiforum	46.67^de	3.23^e	24.95^d	C	33.33^gh	3.67^e	18.50^cd	C	15.00^de	2.59^c	8.80^d	D
具疱球囊霉 G. pustulatum	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.36^f	7.35^e	D	-	-	-	-
网状球囊霉 G. reticulatum	100.00^a	11.22^a	55.61^a	A	100.00^a	10.83^a	55.41^a	A	100.00^a	19.15^a	59.57^a	A
荫性球囊霉 G. tenebrosum	-	-	-	-	13.33ⁱ	1.12^f	7.23^e	D	-	-	-	-
地表球囊霉 G. versiforme	58.33^d	5.17^cd	31.75^c	B	55.00^cd	4.59^d	29.79^c	C	48.33^c	7.55^bc	27.94^c	C
粘质球囊霉 G. viscosum	91.67^ab	8.43^b	50.05^a	A	93.33^a	6.86^cde	50.10^a	A	76.67^b	11.29^ab	43.98^b	B
易误巨孢囊霉 Gigaspora decipiens	-	-	-	-	6.67^j	1.27^f	3.97^e	D	-	-	-	-
美丽盾巨孢囊霉 Scutellospora calospora	16.67ⁱ	1.50^fg	9.08^f	D	15.00^hi	1.15^f	8.08^e	D	-	-	-	-
红色盾巨孢囊霉 Scu. erythropa	21.67^f	1.76^fg	11.71^e	C	18.33^hi	1.39^f	9.86^e	D	-	-	-	-
网纹盾巨孢囊霉 Scu. reticulata	26.67^f	2.10^f	14.38^e	C	25.00^ghi	2.13^ef	13.57^d	C	-	-	-	-

	孢子密度 Spore density (inds./100 g)	种丰度 Species richness	Shannon diversity index	Simpson’s diversity index	均匀度 Evenness
5月 May	108.25^b	15.67^b	2.52^b	0.90^a	0.92^b
8月 August	315.83^a	24.67^a	2.95^a	0.93^a	0.94^a
10月October	284.00^a	24.67^a	2.93^a	0.93^a	0.93^ab
均值 Average	236.03	21.67	2.80	0.92	0.93