生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 22277.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022277

• 2021年新物种专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

世界菌物新命名发表概况(2021年)

王科, 蔡磊*()   

  1. 中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆, 北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-20 接受日期:2022-06-01 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 蔡磊
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: cail@im.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略生物资源计划(KFJ-BRP-017-49)

Annual review on nomenclature novelties of fungi in the world (2021)

Ke Wang, Lei Cai*()   

  1. Fungarium, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
  • Received:2022-05-20 Accepted:2022-06-01 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-31
  • Contact: Lei Cai

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摘要：

21世纪以来, 菌物新物种的发现速度逐渐加快。每个新发表的菌物新名称都蕴含着大量的分类学和多样性信息, 通过对这些信息进行统计和分析, 可以揭示菌物分类学的发展趋势和存在的问题。2021年全球共发表了3,734个菌物新名称, 包括288个新高阶分类单元(1个新门、2个新纲及新亚纲、16个新目及新亚目、36个新科、233个新属及次级属下单元)、2,551个新种及种下单元、782个新组合、113个其他新名称。这些新名称隶属于3界13门40纲159目425科1,165属, 伞菌和小型子囊菌是本年度最受关注的类群。全球有2,060位学者参与了菌物新名称的研究与发表工作, 为历史上命名作者数量最多的一年。中国学者在本年度的菌物新命名工作中做出了突出贡献, 约30%的新名称(1,124个)由中国学者参与发表。来自中国的命名作者共有380位, 是我国命名作者数量最多的一年。本年度发现的2,533个菌物新物种来自于世界7个大洲的101个国家和地区, 新物种丰富度最多的地区是亚洲东部和南部, 而中国发现了756个菌物新物种, 是发现新物种最多的国家, 占全球的近30%。我国南方地区的新物种数量远多于北方地区, 发现新物种最多的省份是云南省, 共发现248种, 占全国的33%。总体来看, 全球菌物新物种发现的速度与近年持平, 处于波动上升的趋势, 而中国的菌物分类学发展速度和贡献度仍在快速提升。建议未来的分类学研究工作中, 继续扩大研究地域和类群, 将新物种发现与完善高阶分类系统并重, 逐步揭示全球菌物多样性本底。

关键词: 菌物分类学, 命名作者, 研究类群, 新物种产地, 中国学者

Abstract

Aim: Since the 21st century, taxonomists have accelerated the discovery of new fungal species. The summary and analysis of the yearly new published names of fungi can reveal the research trend and existing problems for future development of mycology.

Method: The taxonomic data of newly published fungal names were retrieved and analyzed from the three recognized fungal name repositories of Fungal Names, Index Fungorum and MycoBank.

Results: In 2021, a total of 3,734 new fungal names were published all over the world, including 288 new higher taxa (i.e., 1 new phylum, 2 new classes and subclasses, 16 new orders and suborders, 36 new families, 233 new genera and subgenera), 2,551 new species and intraspecific taxa, 782 new combinations, 113 other new names. These new names belonged to 3 kingdoms, 13 phyla, 40 classes, 159 orders, 425 families and 1,165 genera, among which ascomycetes and agaricomycetes have received more attentions. There were 2,060 scholars worldwide participated in the new name publishing this year, reaching the historically highest annual number of authors. The newly published 2533 new fungal species were discovered from 101 countries and regions in the world. East and South Asia were the hottest spots of new species discovery, while China was the country with the highest number of new species discoveries (756 species), accounting for nearly 30% of the world’s total. Besides, Chinese scholars has made the most contributions in the word. Almost 380 Chinese scholars participated in the publications of 1,124 new fungal names in 2021, contributing about 30% of the world’s total.

Conclusion: Although the number of newly published fungal names declined from last year, but it still kept the increasing trends compared to the average number of last few years. The most concerned groups by researchers and localities of new species were similar with last year. A suggestion for the future taxonomic research of fungi is to continue to expand the research groups and field survey area.

Key words: taxonomy of fungi, author of new name, research group, locality of new species, Chinese scholars

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