生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 938-944.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017150

• 植物园定位与发展战略专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

从博物学视角推进植物园的植物文化传播

刘华杰*()   

  1. 北京大学哲学系, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-19 接受日期:2017-09-08 出版日期:2017-09-20 发布日期:2017-10-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘华杰
  • 作者简介:# 共同第一作者 Co-first authors
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目(13&ZD067)

Promoting plant culture communication in a botanical garden from a natural history perspective

Huajie Liu*()   

  1. Department of Philosophy, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2017-05-19 Accepted:2017-09-08 Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-10-04
  • Contact: Liu Huajie

摘要:

塞奥弗拉斯特、雷、怀特、林奈、梭罗、缪尔所属的博物学认知传统曾推动植物学、生态学、保护生物学的创立和发展, 在科学日益专门化的今天, 它也能启发植物园改进植物文化传播工作。植物园工作中重启古老的博物学, 有助于平衡人类中心论与非人类中心论、科学家视角与公众视角、公共知识与个人知识、外来种与本土种、驯化与野性等之间的张力。各植物园首先应当重视本土种的保护和展示, 同时面向公众的导赏活动又不必囿于固定边界的园区, 完全可以扩展至所在地的各种步道, 来探究植物和生态, 欣赏大自然之美。这也为改革植物园的体制和员工培训提出了新要求。

关键词: 博物学, 植物文化, 个人知识, 本土知识, 步道植物导赏

Abstract

The natural history cognitive tradition that Theophrastus, John Ray, Gilbert White, Carl Linnaeus, Henry David Thoreau, and John Muir belong has facilitated the birth and development of botany, ecology, and conservative biology, and when science is increasingly specialized, it seems to inspire experts of botanical gardens to promote plant cultures communication. Restarting and incorporating traditional natural history in the operation of a botanical garden will help balance the tension between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism, scientist and the public perspective, public and personal knowledge, introduced and indigenous species, and domestication and wildness. Every decision in botanical gardens should prioritize conservation and highlight native species. Meanwhile, guided tours of plants should not be restricted to areas of botanical gardens with fixed borders, and the guides of botanical garden and visitors could be able to walk on local trails to look at wild plants, enjoy the ecological landscape, and experience the beauty of nature. However, this suggestion requires reforming the administrative arrangement and staff training of most botanical gardens.

Key words: natural history, plant cultures, personal knowledge, indigenous knowledge, trails plants guide