生物多样性 ›› 2004, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 75-81.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2004009

所属专题: 探索中国山地植物多样性的分布规律

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

福建武夷山自然保护区地形对毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)林分布的影响

郑成洋1,2,方精云1,何建源2   

  1. 1 (北京大学环境学院生态学系,北京大学生态学研究与教育中心,北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京 100871)
    2 (福建武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局,武夷山 354300)
  • 收稿日期:2003-06-12 修回日期:2003-09-10 出版日期:2004-01-20 发布日期:2004-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 郑成洋

Effects of topographical factors on distribution of Phyllostachys pubescensin Wuyishan Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China

ZHENG Cheng-Yang1,2, FANG Jing-Yun1, He Jian-Yuan2   

  1. 1 Department of Ecology,College of Environmental Sicences,Center for Ecological Research & Education,and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871
    2 Administration of Fujian Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,Wuyishan 354300
  • Received:2003-06-12 Revised:2003-09-10 Online:2004-01-20 Published:2004-01-20
  • Contact: ZHENG Cheng-Yang

摘要: 用PC-ORD 4.0软件对保护区内31个毛竹 (Phyllostachys pubescens)林样方进行聚类分析,把毛竹林划分成9类。利用保护区1980年航空相片、1998年和2000年Landsat TM卫星影像,并结合保护区森林资源调查资料,绘制武夷山保护区毛竹林分布图。利用保护区1:50000的地形图数字化100 m等高距生成数字高程模型 (DEM),并从中获取海拔、坡向、坡度等地形参数,对毛竹林分布进行空间叠加分析。结果表明: 保护区内毛竹纯林和毛竹—甜槠 (Castanopsis eyrei)林面积最大,分别占毛竹林总面积的40.6%和20.3%。分析毛竹林与海拔的关系时得出,海拔500-700 m范围内毛竹林面积最大; 随着海拔升高,毛竹林面积逐渐减少, Shannon-Wiener指数 (H′)增加; 毛竹最大胸径减小。毛竹在东南坡和西北坡分布的面积比例最大。随着坡度的增加,毛竹分布的面积减少。

关键词: 群落分类;群落结构;海拔梯度, 物种丰富;α多样性;β多样性

AbstractBased on 31 sample plots, 9 community types of bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forest from Wuyishan Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, were identified by cluster analysis in PC-ORD 4.0. The distribution of these 9 types was mapped based on the distribution map derived from aerial photos (1980) and two sets of Landsat TM (Thematic Map) images (1998, 2000) integrated with the data of the forest inventory in the whole reserve. Topographic features such as altitude, slope and aspect were derived from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) created by digitizing the contour map in 100 m intervals (1:50 000). These features were then applied to spatial overlay analysis of bamboo distribution. The pure bamboo forest (40.6%) and Phyllostachys pubescens - Castanopsis eyrei bamboo forest (20.3%) were the two major types of bamboo forest in Wuyishan Nature Reserve. Maximum area of bamboo forest was recorded at the altitude of 500-700 m a.s.l. The proportion of bamboo forest within each altitudinal band declined with increasing altitude. ShannonWiener index (H′) of tree layer increased and diameter of breast height (DBH) decreased along the altitudinal gradient. The area of bamboo forests on the southeast and northwest slopes were larger than on other exposures. The area of bamboo forest decreased with the increasing slope.

Key words: &alpha, diversity, altitudinal gradient, &beta, diversity, community classification, community structure, species richness