生物多样性 ›› 2001, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (4): 466-471.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2001067

所属专题: 生物入侵

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

澳大利亚外来入侵物种管理策略及对我国的借鉴意义

陈良燕,徐海根   

  1. (国家环保总局南京环境科学研究所,  南京 210042)
  • 出版日期:2001-11-20 发布日期:2001-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈良燕

Australian management strategy for invasive alien species and references available to China

CHEN Liang-Yan, XU Hai-Gen   

  1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences , State Environmental Protection Administration ,Nanjing 210042
  • Online:2001-11-20 Published:2001-11-20
  • Contact: CHEN LiangYan

摘要: 澳大利亚是一个岛状大陆,海洋运输业十分发达,通过贸易、旅游、运输等途径有意或无意引进有害外来物种的风险较大。澳大利亚政府高度重视外来入侵物种的管理工作,制定了《澳大利亚国家生物多样性保护策略》,针对外来杂草和通过压舱水载入的海洋外来入侵物种的管理制定了《国家杂草策略》、《杂草风险评价系统》和《压舱水指南》等法规和技术性文件,加强了对外来入侵物种的管理。本文简要介绍了澳大利亚外来入侵物种管理的有关策略和指南,并提出了我国在外来入侵物种管理方面的对策建议:(1)尽快建立相应的法规体系,实现外来入侵物种的依法管理;(2)加强机构建设,形成多部门的协调管理机制;(3)加强外来入侵物种管理制度的建设;(4)采取适当的引进预防、消除、控制和恢复措施;(5)开展科学研究,为外来入侵物种的管理提供科学依据;(6)制定教育和培训计划,提高公众意识。

AbstractAust ralia is an island continent with prosperous sea2borne transport which makes Aust ralia at high risk of the hazard of biological invasions through intentional or unintentional pathways. Australian government has paid high attention to invasive alien species management , and has developed several regulatory documents such as ”National St rategy for the Conservation of Aust ralian Biological Diversity”, ”National Weeds Strategy”, as well as ”Aust ralian Ballast Water Guidelines”to enhance the management of invasive alien species. This paper gives a brief int roduction of these document s , and proposes the following st rategic recommendations on invasive alien species management in China :(1) establish the legal and institutional f rameworks to provide management with authorized basis ; (2)st rengthen organization building to form a coherent management mechanism across the multiple2sectors relating to invasive alien species ; (3) develop series of a Risk Assessment System , an Int roduction License System , and a Record System to improve the prevention of intentional int roduction of invasive alien species ; (4) carry out appropriate integrated approaches of prevention , eradication and cont rol of harmful alien species ; (5) st rengthen national research capacity to provide management with a scientific foundation ; (6) develop educational and t raining programs and enhance public awareness.