AbstractThe conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity is important not only to global economic stability and development , but also to the conservation of ecological environment . Therefore , it is necessary to establish an effective method for the detection of the biodiversity as soon as possible to get a clear knowledge about the status of global biodiversity. In this paper , several major analytical methods for biodiversity detection , especially for interand intra- species biodiversity were discussed , with emphasis on the latest advances in molecular markers and comparative genomics and their wide applications in biodiversity research.