生物多样性 ›› 1996, Vol. 04 ›› Issue (2): 109-113.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.1996018

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

淡水生态系统中的TOP-DOWN效应与生物多样性保护

刘焕章,陈宜瑜   

  1. (中国科学院水生生物研究所,  武汉 430072)
  • 收稿日期:1995-02-27 修回日期:1995-08-10 出版日期:1996-05-20 发布日期:1996-05-20

The top-down effect and biodiversity conservation in freshwater ecosystem

Liu Huanzhang, Chen Yiyu   

  1. Institute of Hydrobiology ,Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Wuhan 430072
  • Received:1995-02-27 Revised:1995-08-10 Online:1996-05-20 Published:1996-05-20

摘要: 淡水生态系统中高营养级类群可以对低营养级类群产生强烈的影响,最终导致整个生态环境的改变,这一现象被称作下行(top-down)效应。本文对top-down的含义特别是鱼类所产生top-down效应的结果进行了阐述,提出了top-down效应还表现在当原来生态系统中的高营养级类群缺少时,也会造成生态系统结构与功能发生变化的观点。最后,根据淡水生态系统top-down效应的特点,认为在淡水生态系统的生物多样性保护中,应注意高营养级类群的保护和谨慎地对待引种问题。

AbstractIn freshwater ecosystems,higher trophic level group may influence lower trophic levels strongly,leading to a change of the whole enviroment,which is called top down effect.The top-down effects in freshwater ecosystems especially that of fish and their consequences were analized in the present paper,and it was suggested that the lack of high trophic level group which existed before can also make top-down effect.Top-down effect is the most important characteristic of freshwater ecosystem.While dealing with biodiversity conservation in freshwater ecosystem,much attention should be paid to conservation of high trophic level group and cautious to introduction of extra species.