Floristic characteristics and north-south differentiation of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains

doi:10.17520/biods.2019262

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper studied the flora of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains and revealed the transitional characteristics of five moderate mountains flora from north to south. The results indicated that 4,314 wild seed plants belonging to 1,107 genera and 179 families are distributed in the Luoxiao Mountains. (1) The Luoxiao Mountains flora consists of 25 families and 465 genera which distribute only one species, 61 oligotypic families and 432 oligotypic genera, presenting the relict of flora and intimate exchange between local floristic components and typical tropical and temperate components. (2) The families geographical areal-types were classified into 10 types, included 83 tropical families and 40 temperate families, accounting for 67.48% and 32.52%, respectively of the non-widespread families. The genus areal-types were classified into 15 types, including 484 tropical genera and 534 temperate genera accounting for 52.46% and 47.54%, respectively of the non-widespread genera. The distribution patterns of genera are abundant with pantropic areal-type, tropical areal-type, North temperate areal-type, and East Asia areal-type, which reflect that the flora of the Luoxiao Mountains, the paleo-tropical flora and temperate tertiary flora are strongly interrelated. (3) The floristic compositions amongst five mountains in the Luoxiao Mountains have marked spatial heterogeneity from north to south, which the R/T value, i.e ratio of tropical genera to temperate genera, increases gradually. The Mufu Mountains experienced stronger temperate elements, which are related to Central China flora, while the Wanyang Mountains and the Zhuguang Mountains contain stronger tropical elements. Climate fluctuations may be the main reason for the formation of the modern floristic distribution pattern in the region.

Key words: the Luoxiao Mountains, flora of seed plants, areall-types, geographical substitute

Wanyi Zhao, Zhongcheng Liu, Huagu Ye, Lei Wang, Gongxi Chen, Keming Liu, Xuanhuai Zhan, Wenbo Liao. Floristic characteristics and north-south differentiation of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 842-853.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2019262

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2020/V28/I7/842

Figures/Tables 6

References 39

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科的数量分级 Grade of families	科数 No. of families	占总科数百分比 Percentage of total families (%)	所含种数 No. of species	占总种数百分比 Percentage of total species (%)
大科(>100种) Families more than 100 species	8	4.47	1,452	33.66
较大科(51-100种) Families with 51-100 species	10	5.59	727	16.85
中等科(11-50种) Families with 11-50 species	75	41.90	1,833	42.49
寡种科(2-10种) Families with 2-10 species	61	34.08	277	6.42
单型科(仅分布1种) Families with 1 species	25	13.96	25	0.58

科的数量分级 Grade of families	科数 No. of families	占总科数百分比 Percentage of total families (%)	所含种数 No. of species	占总种数百分比 Percentage of total species (%)
大科(>100种) Families more than 100 species	8	4.47	1,452	33.66
较大科(51-100种) Families with 51-100 species	10	5.59	727	16.85
中等科(11-50种) Families with 11-50 species	75	41.90	1,833	42.49
寡种科(2-10种) Families with 2-10 species	61	34.08	277	6.42
单型科(仅分布1种) Families with 1 species	25	13.96	25	0.58

科 Family	属数 No. of genera	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world	种数 No. of species	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world
禾本科 Poaceae	109	48.02	15.36	276	15.57	2.51
菊科 Asteraceae	76	21.53	9.83	231	4.47	0.77
唇形科 Lamiaceae	46	47.92	21.24	206	19.49	2.87
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25	54.35	19.85	187	27.78	7.42
豆科 Fabaceae	53	31.74	9.15	153	7.06	0.78
莎草科 Cyperaceae	19	57.58	17.46	151	17.92	2.80
兰科 Orchidaceae	54	31.58	10.15	137	7.20	0.48
樟科 Lauraceae	11	44.00	24.94	111	24.44	4.44
茜草科 Rubiaceae	28	27.18	13.46	100	4.56	0.76
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	12	34.29	9.64	89	21.82	3.52
报春花科 Primulaceae	9	52.94	12.12	79	15.52	3.05
壳斗科 Fagaceae	6	85.71	24.75	73	85.71	8.11
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9	39.13	8.60	72	7.26	1.76
蓼科 Polygonaceae	7	58.33	28.81	68	14.00	5.91
荨麻科 Urticaceae	15	57.69	15.58	67	27.27	2.55
葡萄科 Vitaceae	7	77.78	39.74	62	46.67	7.75
伞形科 Apiaceae	26	26.26	9.90	61	5.91	1.63
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1	100.00	27.45	56	100.00	13.33
卫矛科 Celastraceae	6	40.00	18.68	48	6.38	3.43
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	15	17.24	11.11	47	4.10	0.92
锦葵科 Malvaceae	14	27.45	17.48	43	5.76	1.00
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	11	19.64	17.00	43	5.07	0.64

科 Family	属数 No. of genera	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world	种数 No. of species	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world
禾本科 Poaceae	109	48.02	15.36	276	15.57	2.51
菊科 Asteraceae	76	21.53	9.83	231	4.47	0.77
唇形科 Lamiaceae	46	47.92	21.24	206	19.49	2.87
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25	54.35	19.85	187	27.78	7.42
豆科 Fabaceae	53	31.74	9.15	153	7.06	0.78
莎草科 Cyperaceae	19	57.58	17.46	151	17.92	2.80
兰科 Orchidaceae	54	31.58	10.15	137	7.20	0.48
樟科 Lauraceae	11	44.00	24.94	111	24.44	4.44
茜草科 Rubiaceae	28	27.18	13.46	100	4.56	0.76
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	12	34.29	9.64	89	21.82	3.52
报春花科 Primulaceae	9	52.94	12.12	79	15.52	3.05
壳斗科 Fagaceae	6	85.71	24.75	73	85.71	8.11
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9	39.13	8.60	72	7.26	1.76
蓼科 Polygonaceae	7	58.33	28.81	68	14.00	5.91
荨麻科 Urticaceae	15	57.69	15.58	67	27.27	2.55
葡萄科 Vitaceae	7	77.78	39.74	62	46.67	7.75
伞形科 Apiaceae	26	26.26	9.90	61	5.91	1.63
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1	100.00	27.45	56	100.00	13.33
卫矛科 Celastraceae	6	40.00	18.68	48	6.38	3.43
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	15	17.24	11.11	47	4.10	0.92
锦葵科 Malvaceae	14	27.45	17.48	43	5.76	1.00
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	11	19.64	17.00	43	5.07	0.64

序号 No.	科 Family	属数 No. of genus (%)	种数 No. of species (%)	科的分布区类型 Areal-types of families
1	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25 (27.78)	187 (7.42)	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
2	樟科 Lauraceae	11 (24.44)	111 (4.44)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
3	壳斗科 Fagaceae	6 (85.71)	73 (8.11)	北温带分布 North Temperate
4	杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9 (7.26)	72 (1.76)	北温带分布 North Temperate
5	葡萄科 Vitaceae	7 (46.67)	62 (7.75)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
6	冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1 (100.00)	56 (13.33)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
7	五列木科 Pentaphylacaceae	6 (50.00)	41 (11.71)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
8	绣球花科 Hydrangeaceae	9 (52.94)	39 (20.53)	北温带分布 North Temperate
9	山矾科 Symplocaceae	1 (100.00)	37 (18.50)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
10	山茶科 Theaceae	4 (44.44)	36 (14.40)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
11	菝葜科 Smilacaceae	1 (100.00)	33 (15.71)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
12	猕猴桃科 Actinidiaceae	2 (66.67)	31 (8.68)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
13	小檗科 Berberidaceae	7 (46.67)	28 (4.31)	北温带分布 North Temperate
14	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	2 (66.67)	27 (27.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
15	安息香科 Styracaceae	8 (72.73)	24 (15.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
16	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	7 (41.18)	22 (7.33)	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America Disjuncted
17	木通科 Lardizabalaceae	6 (85.71)	20 (50.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
18	山茱萸科 Cornaceae	2 (100.00)	18 (21.18)	北温带分布 North Temperate
19	金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae	9 (33.33)	16 (15.09)	北温带分布 North Temperate
20	五味子科 Schisandraceae	3 (100.00)	15 (21.43)	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America Disjuncted
21	榆科 Ulmaceae	3 (37.50)	13 (37.14)	北温带分布 North Temperate
22	桦木科 Betulaceae	4 (66.67)	13 (6.50)	北温带分布 North Temperate
23	胡桃科 Juglandaceae	6 (66.67)	11 (15.49)	北温带分布 North Temperate
24	松科 Pinaceae	6 (54.55)	10 (4.44)	北温带分布 North Temperate
25	红豆杉科 Taxaceae	5 (83.33)	8 (28.57)	北温带分布 North Temperate