Abstract: The species diversity of higher plant communities in Foping National Reserve was measured with species diversity index(Simpson index and Shannon index)，Pielou's eventless index and species richness.The result shows that the diversity 0f forest cemmunities is higher than that 0f shrubs and meadow communities,the divesity 0f the deciduous broad-leaved forest is higher than that of coniferous forest，and that of oak forest is higher than that of popular and birch forest．The species diversity of higher plant communities decreases with the increase of elevation．The spcies diversity indices and evenness indices for different layers in forest communities show that the tree layer has similar divetslty and evenness with the shrub layer，while the herbaceous layer has higher diversity and evenness than both 0f the tree and the shrub layers．