生物多样性 ›› 2001, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (1): 85-89.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2001013

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

色林错渔业生产的现状与可持续利用的对策

陈毅峰,何德奎,蔡斌   

  1. (中国科学院水生生物研究所,  武汉 430072)
    (西藏自治区水产局,  拉萨 850000)
  • 收稿日期:2000-06-05 修回日期:2000-10-01 出版日期:2001-02-20 发布日期:2001-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈毅峰

Status and sustainable utilization of fishery resources of Selincuo Lake ,northern Tibet

CHEN Yi-Feng1 ,HE De-Kui1 ,CAI Bin2   

  1. 1 Institute of Hydrobiology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan  430072
    2 The Bureau of Aquatic Products , Xizang Autonomous Region , Lasa  850000
  • Received:2000-06-05 Revised:2000-10-01 Online:2001-02-20 Published:2001-02-20
  • Contact: CHEN Yi-Feng

摘要: 色林错裸鲤( Gymnocypris selincuoensis) 是藏北色林错湖泊中惟一的一种鱼类。本文介绍了色林错渔业的开 发利用情况,并对色林错裸鲤最小捕捞年龄、捕捞强度、最小网目以及最佳年捕捞产量进行了探讨。从可持续发展 的角度,我们认为对色林错鱼类资源的利用必须以保证现有湖泊生态系统的稳定为核心,在满足维持一个足够数 量及年龄结构的繁殖群体的基础上,以获得最佳持续经济利益为目标。以往强调甚至采用的最大持续产量理论在 高原极端环境条件下并不能作为鱼类资源利用的追求目标或确定渔产量的标准,而只能作为对其捕捞强度的参 考。总的允许渔获量应当根据最适捕捞死亡率F0. 2来确定。本文最后提出了色林错湖泊鱼类资源可持续利用的 8 条具体措施。

AbstractSelincuo Naked Carp ( Gymnocypris selincuoensis ) is the only fish species distributed in Selincuo Lake. Little had been known before we studied its biological characters since 1997. Based on its age composition , growth rate , feeding , reproduction and stock structure , the present paper int roduced the fishery history of Selincuo Lake and discussed the relationship between fishery catch and minimum catchable age , fishing mortality , mesh size and optimal sustainable yield. To get sustainable economic profits , exploitation of fishery resources of Selincuo Lake must focus on stability of lake ecosystem , and thus maintain a sufficient recruitment population of Selincuo Naked Carp. Because of the ext reme environment condition on the Tibetan Plateau and special biological characters of Selincuo Naked Carp , the model of maximum sustainable fish yield suitable for temperate zones can not be adopted in Selincuo Lake. The total allowed catch should be taken at anoptimal fishing mortality of F0. 2 . Finally , we put forward eight strategies for sustainable development of fishery as follows : 1) because of the characteristics of growth and reproduction of Selincuo Naked Carp and the climatic conditions of northerb Tibet Plateau , fishing season in Selincuo Lake should be condensed to winter season ; 2) according to present studies , the annual fishery yield of Selincuo Naked Carp can be increased from 700 ton to 2000 ton in Selincuo Lake ; 3) studies on population dynamics of Selincuo Naked Carp becomes more important when its annual yield rises ; 4) the catchable individuals should be elder than 12 years of age , longer than 290 mm and weightier than 350 g ; 5) the individuals harbouring tapeworms should be sorted out for producing indust rial fishmeal ; 6) promote the consumption of aquatic products of local people so as to maintain a economic profit ; 7) int roduction of exotic fish species should be st rictly limited , and 8) management of fishery production of Selincuo Lake should be improved.