Abstract: Based on the introduction of the characteristics of biodiversity in northwestern China , we comprehensively viewed on the status of biodiversity , and analyzed the crisis that biodiversity in northwestern China is being facing. We put forward the ways and thoughts for biodiversity study in northwestern China as fallows : 1) inventorying all animal and plant as well as microbes species and building the geographical information system for monitoring and predicting ; 2) biological conservation studies on important endangered animals and plants ; 3) studies on ex situ conservation , artificial reproduction and enlarging population of rare and endangered species , and 4) studies on reinstating biodiversity ; 5) studies on sustainable utilization of biodiversity.