The current status of invasive fish and their interrelationships with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Huadi River

doi:10.17520/biods.2024249

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: This study aims to investigate the fish community structure in the middle and lower reaches of the Huadi River, Guangzhou, to assess the status of invasive fish species, and analyze the main environmental drivers affecting the distribution. The findings aim to provide scientific evidence for conservation aquatic biodiversity and ecological and restoring urban river ecosystems.

Methods: Fish resource surveys were conducted during two seasons: Summer (July-August 2023) and winter (January-February 2024). A total of 880 fish specimens were collected, encompassing 34 species from 5 orders, 10 families, and 31 genera. In summer, 482 individuals were recorded, representing 26 species from 4 orders, 7 families, and 21 genera. In winter, 398 individuals from 26 species across 5 orders, 8 families, and 23 genera were collected. The study identified species composition, assessed biodiversity, and analyzed correlations with environmental factors.

Results: The dominant species in the Huadi River throughout the year were the invasive Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Mrigal carp (Cirrhinus mrigala). In summer, Nile tilapia accounted for a high relative importance index (IRI) of 0.84723, decreasing to 0.55796 in winter. Mrigal carp had an IRI of 0.10971 in summer and 0.14407 in winter. Biodiversity analysis revealed that the presence of Nile tilapia negatively impacted indices of diversity, and richness. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and water temperature as the key environmental factors influencing the fish community structure, collectively explaining approximately 47.84% of the observed variance. Specifically, the distribution of Nile tilapia was strongly associated with pH and water temperature, while Mrigal carp showed a close relationship with dissolved oxygen levels.

Conclusion: The results suggest that Nile tilapia and Mrigal carp have established dominance in the Huadi River, significantly threatening local fish biodiversity. Environmental factors such as pH and dissolved oxygen play a crucial role in shaping the distribution of invasive fish species. The introduction and proliferation of these species are likely related to urbanization, particularly the expansion of ornamental fisheries and alterations of water quality. To address the invasion of alien species, it is recommended to enhance monitoring and control measures, particularly for Nile tilapia and Mrigal carp in Huadi River, while implementing strategies to improve water quality to preserve ecological balance.

Key words: Huadi River, urban rivers, fish community structure, redundancy analysis, Nile tilapia, Mrigal carp

Junhan Huang, Fandong Yu, Yuxiang Wang, Zhe Huang, Mingsi Zhang, Miao Fang, Lu Shu, Meng Xu, Hui Wei, Xuejie Wang, Dang’en Gu, Si Luo. The current status of invasive fish and their interrelationships with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Huadi River[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(11): 24249.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2024249

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2024/V32/I11/24249

Figures/Tables 8

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	物种 Species	夏季 Summer		冬季 Winter		是否外来鱼类 Exotic fish or not	食性 Feeding habits
	物种 Species	IRI	是否优势 Advantage or not	IRI	是否优势 Advantage or not	是否外来鱼类 Exotic fish or not	食性 Feeding habits
鲈形目 Perciformes	尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus	0.84723	优势种 DS	0.55796	优势种 DS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	齐氏罗非鱼 Coptodon zillii	0.05203	常见种 CS	0.03223	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	伽利略罗非鱼 Sarotherodon galilaeus	0.01235	常见种 CS	0.01916	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	血鹦鹉鱼 Amphilophus citrinellus× Paraneetroplus synspilus	0.00393	偶见种 IS	0	-	是 Yes	杂食 O
	匠丽体鱼 Herichthys carpintis	0.00252	偶见种 IS	0.00482	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	肉食 C
	粉红副尼丽鱼 Paraneetroplus synspilus	0.00048	偶见种 IS	0.00196	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	双斑伴丽鱼 Hemichromis bimaculatus	0	-	0.00094	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	斑鳢 Channa maculata	0.00140	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	肉食 C
	攀鲈 Anabas testudineus	0	-	0.01603	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	舌鰕虎鱼 Glossogobius giuris	0	-	0.00082	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
鲤形目 Cypriniformes	鲤 Cyprinus carpio	0.07885	常见种 CS	0.28129	优势种 DS	否 No	杂食 O
	散鳞镜鲤 Cyprinus carpio var. specularis	0	-	0.00086	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	鲫 Carassius auratus	0.06990	常见种 CS	0.06168	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	鳙 Aristichys nobilis	0.00283	偶见种 IS	0.09770	常见种 CS	否 No	滤食 F
	鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix	0.08877	常见种 CS	0.08522	常见种 CS	否 No	滤食 F
	鲮 Cirrhinus molitorella	0.03290	常见种 CS	0.00186	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
	麦瑞加拉鲮 Cirrhinus mrigala	0.10971	优势种 DS	0.14407	优势种 DS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	露斯塔野鲮 Labeo rohita	0.02275	常见种 CS	0.08020	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus	0.00053	偶见种 IS	0.00060	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	翘嘴鲌 Culter alburnus	0.00046	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus	0	-	0.00138	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
	草鱼 Ctenopharyngodon idella	0	-	0.00704	偶见种 IS	否 No	草食 H
	赤眼鳟 Squaliobarbus curriculus	0.00073	偶见种 IS	0.02226	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	光倒刺鲃 Spinibarbus hollandi	0.00030	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	广东鲂 Megalobrama terminalis	0.00068	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	银高体鲃 Barbonymus gonionotus	0	-	0.00064	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	大眼华鳊 Sinibrama macrops	0.00027	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	条纹鲮脂鲤 Prochilodus lineatus	0.01221	常见种 CS	0.00172	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
鲇形目 Siluriformes	胡子鲇 Clarias fuscus	0.00495	偶见种 IS	0.00063	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	革胡子鲇 Clarias gariepinus	0.00507	偶见种 IS	0	-	是 Yes	肉食 C
	豹纹翼甲鲇 Pterygoplichthys pardalis	0.18519	优势种 DS	0.03969	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	花鰶 Clupanodon thrissa	0.00128	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	滤食 F
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	七丝鲚 Coilia grayii	0.00259	偶见种 IS	0.00031	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
鲻形目 Characiformes	鲻 Mugil cephalus	0	-	0.00050	偶见种 IS	否 No	滤食 F

	物种 Species	夏季 Summer		冬季 Winter		是否外来鱼类 Exotic fish or not	食性 Feeding habits
	物种 Species	IRI	是否优势 Advantage or not	IRI	是否优势 Advantage or not	是否外来鱼类 Exotic fish or not	食性 Feeding habits
鲈形目 Perciformes	尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus	0.84723	优势种 DS	0.55796	优势种 DS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	齐氏罗非鱼 Coptodon zillii	0.05203	常见种 CS	0.03223	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	伽利略罗非鱼 Sarotherodon galilaeus	0.01235	常见种 CS	0.01916	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	血鹦鹉鱼 Amphilophus citrinellus× Paraneetroplus synspilus	0.00393	偶见种 IS	0	-	是 Yes	杂食 O
	匠丽体鱼 Herichthys carpintis	0.00252	偶见种 IS	0.00482	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	肉食 C
	粉红副尼丽鱼 Paraneetroplus synspilus	0.00048	偶见种 IS	0.00196	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	双斑伴丽鱼 Hemichromis bimaculatus	0	-	0.00094	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	斑鳢 Channa maculata	0.00140	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	肉食 C
	攀鲈 Anabas testudineus	0	-	0.01603	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	舌鰕虎鱼 Glossogobius giuris	0	-	0.00082	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
鲤形目 Cypriniformes	鲤 Cyprinus carpio	0.07885	常见种 CS	0.28129	优势种 DS	否 No	杂食 O
	散鳞镜鲤 Cyprinus carpio var. specularis	0	-	0.00086	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	鲫 Carassius auratus	0.06990	常见种 CS	0.06168	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	鳙 Aristichys nobilis	0.00283	偶见种 IS	0.09770	常见种 CS	否 No	滤食 F
	鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix	0.08877	常见种 CS	0.08522	常见种 CS	否 No	滤食 F
	鲮 Cirrhinus molitorella	0.03290	常见种 CS	0.00186	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
	麦瑞加拉鲮 Cirrhinus mrigala	0.10971	优势种 DS	0.14407	优势种 DS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	露斯塔野鲮 Labeo rohita	0.02275	常见种 CS	0.08020	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus	0.00053	偶见种 IS	0.00060	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	翘嘴鲌 Culter alburnus	0.00046	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus	0	-	0.00138	偶见种 IS	否 No	杂食 O
	草鱼 Ctenopharyngodon idella	0	-	0.00704	偶见种 IS	否 No	草食 H
	赤眼鳟 Squaliobarbus curriculus	0.00073	偶见种 IS	0.02226	常见种 CS	否 No	杂食 O
	光倒刺鲃 Spinibarbus hollandi	0.00030	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	广东鲂 Megalobrama terminalis	0.00068	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	银高体鲃 Barbonymus gonionotus	0	-	0.00064	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
	大眼华鳊 Sinibrama macrops	0.00027	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	杂食 O
	条纹鲮脂鲤 Prochilodus lineatus	0.01221	常见种 CS	0.00172	偶见种 IS	是 Yes	杂食 O
鲇形目 Siluriformes	胡子鲇 Clarias fuscus	0.00495	偶见种 IS	0.00063	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
	革胡子鲇 Clarias gariepinus	0.00507	偶见种 IS	0	-	是 Yes	肉食 C
	豹纹翼甲鲇 Pterygoplichthys pardalis	0.18519	优势种 DS	0.03969	常见种 CS	是 Yes	杂食 O
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	花鰶 Clupanodon thrissa	0.00128	偶见种 IS	0	-	否 No	滤食 F
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	七丝鲚 Coilia grayii	0.00259	偶见种 IS	0.00031	偶见种 IS	否 No	肉食 C
鲻形目 Characiformes	鲻 Mugil cephalus	0	-	0.00050	偶见种 IS	否 No	滤食 F

站位 Sampling station	夏季 Summer			冬季 Winter
站位 Sampling station	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon- Wiener diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon- Wiener diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index
S	2.12	0.65	4.04	2.47	0.76	4.16
S1	1.49	0.68	2.01	1.85	0.84	2.33
S2	1.47	0.75	1.69	1.55	0.87	1.48
S3	1.59	0.76	1.66	1.31	0.73	1.30
S4	0.95	0.49	1.39	1.61	0.78	1.86
S5	2.42	0.87	3.92	2.41	0.89	4.04
S6	2.42	0.89	3.72	1.96	0.85	3.00
S7	1.51	0.69	2.10	2.17	0.87	2.78
S8	1.37	0.59	2.09	2.00	0.83	2.28
S9	1.44	0.69	1.79	1.70	0.74	2.23

站位 Sampling station	夏季 Summer			冬季 Winter
站位 Sampling station	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon- Wiener diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon- Wiener diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index
S	2.12	0.65	4.04	2.47	0.76	4.16
S1	1.49	0.68	2.01	1.85	0.84	2.33
S2	1.47	0.75	1.69	1.55	0.87	1.48
S3	1.59	0.76	1.66	1.31	0.73	1.30
S4	0.95	0.49	1.39	1.61	0.78	1.86
S5	2.42	0.87	3.92	2.41	0.89	4.04
S6	2.42	0.89	3.72	1.96	0.85	3.00
S7	1.51	0.69	2.10	2.17	0.87	2.78
S8	1.37	0.59	2.09	2.00	0.83	2.28
S9	1.44	0.69	1.79	1.70	0.74	2.23

各轴参数 Axis parameters	Axis 1	Axis 2	Axis 3	Axis 4
特征值 Eigenvalue	35.43	4.73	4.52	2.11
解释比例 Proportion explained	35.43%	4.73%	4.52%	2.11%
累计比例 Cumulative proportion	35.43%	40.16%	44.68%	46.79%
相关系数 Pseudo-canonical correlation coefficient	74.41%	71.43%	73.05%	76.39%
解释方差 Explained fitted variation	74.05%	83.94%	93.39%	97.80%