台湾海峡离岛工业区海域浮游生物丰度之长期变化

doi:10.17520/biods.2015284

生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 748-756. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015284

所属专题：全球气候变化下的海洋生物多样性专辑

台湾海峡离岛工业区海域浮游生物丰度之长期变化

陈孟仙^1,,A;^*(), 翁韶莲², 陈姿君¹, 陈镇东¹

1 .“中山大学”海洋科学系, 台湾高雄 80424
2 .屏东科技大学水产养殖系, 台湾屏东 91201

收稿日期:2015-10-21 接受日期:2016-04-14 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-08-04
通讯作者: 陈孟仙
基金资助:
台湾工业局离岛式工业区开发基金长期经费支持

Time series variation of plankton in a remote industrial island, Taiwan Strait, southwestern Taiwan

Meng-Hsien Chen^1,^*(), Saou-Lien Wong², Tzu-Chun Chen¹, Chen-Tung Chen¹

1 Department of Oceanography, “Sun Yat-sen University”, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
2 Department of Aquaculture, Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan 91201

Received:2015-10-21 Accepted:2016-04-14 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-08-04
Contact: Chen Meng-Hsien

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究利用1993-2010年在云林县台西乡沿岸的8个站位所进行的一年四季近岸10 m及离岸20 m水深的浮游生物调查资料及同步的水质资料, 分析了发电厂建成后对浮游生物的影响。本海域18年内浮游生物各类群丰度/密度的各季节平均值, 皆以第四季(10-12月)为最低, 而各个类群的最高平均值出现的季别并不一致。其中浮游动物出现于第一和第二季(1-6月), 浮游植物和虾、蟹幼体在第二季(4-6月), 而鱼卵和仔鱼则是在第一至第三季(1-9月)。自2000年第三季起, 测线5的测站经常有pH值低于7.8的情形。当该海域水体测得pH值低于7.8时, 浮游动物(75±69 ind./m³)﹑浮游植物((1.60±2.28)×10³cell/L)﹑虾幼体(2.4±5.8 ind./m³)﹑蟹幼体(1.9±5.0 ind./m³)及鱼卵(0.88±1.10 ind./m³)和仔鱼(0.16±0.32 ind./m³)的丰度/密度值皆偏低, 仅为历年总平均值的1/2。据此建议将发电厂排入海洋之水体pH值控制在7.8以上, 以降低对浮游生物多样性及丰度的冲击。

关键词: pH值, 浮游生物, 云林海域, 海水酸化, 排烟脱硫

Abstract

Eighteen years of monitoring data at four sections along the coastline of Taisi Township, Yunlin County, between 1993 and 2010 were used to study the effects of power plant on plankton. Sampling was conducted at depths of 10 m and 20 m in each section. Among the four seasons, the fourth quarter (October to December) had the lowest average abundance of plankton over the years. However, the peak abundance of different types of plankton occurred in different seasons. Zooplankton had the highest abundance during the first and second seasons (January to June) while phytoplankton, shrimp larvae and crab larvae had the greatest abundance in the 2nd quarter (April to June) and the peak in fish egg and fish larvae occurred from the 1st to the 3rd quarter (January to September). Cumulative data from 18 years shows that the pH of SEC5 often dipped below 7.8 since the 3rd quarter of 2000. pH value lower than 7.8 were frequently measured in the stations of section 5. Each time the pH value is under 7.8, the quantities of zooplankton (75±69 ind./m³), phytoplankton ((1.60±2.28)×10³cell/L), shrimp larvae (2.4±5.8 ind./m³), crab larvae (1.9±5.0 ind./m³), fish egg (0.88±1.10 ind./m³), and fish larvae (0.16±0.32 ind./m³) showed significant low values (only the half of the total average). Accordingly, we strongly suggest that the warm water effluents discharging from a power plant should maintain the pH above 7.8 in the coastal waters to reduce the negative impact on the marine zooplankton biodiversity and abundance.

Key words: pH, plankton, Yunlin coast, ocean acidification, flue gas desulphurization (FGD)

陈孟仙, 翁韶莲, 陈姿君, 陈镇东 (2016) 台湾海峡离岛工业区海域浮游生物丰度之长期变化. 生物多样性, 24, 748-756. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015284.

Meng-Hsien Chen, Saou-Lien Wong, Tzu-Chun Chen, Chen-Tung Chen (2016) Time series variation of plankton in a remote industrial island, Taiwan Strait, southwestern Taiwan. Biodiversity Science, 24, 748-756. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015284.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015284

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I7/748

图/表 4

图1 台湾离岛工业区海域现场调查范围及测站位置图。各测线的-10和-20分别表示近岸10 m水深和离岸20 m水深处的采样站位。

Fig. 1 Map of sampling sites in the remote industrial island of Taiwan Strait. The sampling sections marked with -10 and -20 mean the sampling station at water depth of 10 m and 20 m, respectively.

图2 1993-2010年云林县台西乡附近海域历次采样之浮游生物的丰度/密度变化。(a)浮游动物; (b)浮游植物; (c)虾幼体; (d)蟹幼体; (e)鱼卵; (f)仔鱼。空心三角形为季平均值, 实心三角形则为测站之水样pH<7.8之平均值, 垂直线为标准差, 虚线为历年全海域总平均值。

Fig. 2 The monitoring data of abundance/density of plankton between 1993 and 2010 in the Taisi County, Yunlin, southwestern Taiwan. (a) Zooplankton; (b) Phytoplankton; (c) Shrimp larvae; (d) Crab larvae; (e) Fish eggs; (f) Fish larvae. The hollow triangles show the mean of total station, whereas the solid triangles are the mean abundance/density with pH<7.8, the vertical lines indicate the standard deviation, and the horizontal dotted lines are the overall total mean.

图3 1993-2010年云林县台西乡沿岸的(a)浮游动物、(b)浮游植物、(c)虾幼体、(d)蟹幼体、(e)鱼卵和(f)仔鱼丰度测值于电厂运转前后一年四季和全年之比较。Before：1993至1999年电厂运转前(n = 7季); After: 2000年至2010年电厂运转后(n = 12季)。* P <0.05; ** P <0.01; *** P <0.001.

Fig. 3 Comparison with the seasonal and whole-year monitoring data between 1993 and 2010 in the Taisi County, Yunlin, Southwestern Taiwan. (a) Abundance of zooplankton; (b) Density of phytoplankton; (c) Abundance of shrimp larvae; (d) Abundance of crab larvae; (e) Abundance of fish eggs; (f) Abundance of fish larvae. “Before” (n = 7) means the data collected before the operation of the power plant between 1993 and 1999. “After” (n = 12) means the data were collected after the operation of the power plant. * P <0.05; ** P <0.01; ***P<0.001.

图4 2001年第三季至2010年第二季云林县台西乡沿岸的(a)浮游动物、(b)浮游植物、(c)虾幼体、(d)蟹幼体、(e)鱼卵和(f)仔鱼于水体pH高于或低于7.8时之丰度平均值。 * P<0.05; ** P<0.01; *** P<0.001.

Fig. 4 Comparison with the monitoring data of the pH>7.8 (blank bar) and pH<7.8 (shaded bar) from the third quarter 2001 to second quarter 2010 in the Taisi County, Yunlin, Southwestern Taiwan. (a) Abundance of zooplankton; (b) Density of phytoplankton; (c) Abundance of shrimp larvae; (d) Abundance of crab larvae; (e) Abundance of fish eggs; (f) Abundance of fish larvae. * P <0.05; ** P <0.01; *** P<0.001.

参考文献 7

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台湾海峡离岛工业区海域浮游生物丰度之长期变化

Time series variation of plankton in a remote industrial island, Taiwan Strait, southwestern Taiwan

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