喀斯特季节性雨林优势树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物空间变异及生态驱动因素

doi:10.17520/biods.2024325

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 24325. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024325 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024325

喀斯特季节性雨林优势树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物空间变异及生态驱动因素

王斌¹^,²(), 钟艺倩¹^,²^,³, 杨美雪¹^,²^,³, 吴淼锐¹^,², 王艳萍¹^,²^,³, 陆芳¹^,²(), 陶旺兰¹^,², 李健星¹^,²(), 赵弘明¹^,², 刘晟源²^,⁴, 向悟生¹^,²(), 李先琨¹^,²^,^*()()

1.广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541006
2.弄岗喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西崇左 532499
3.广西师范大学生命科学学院, 广西桂林 541006
4.崇左市广西弄岗国家级自然保护区管理中心, 广西崇左 532499

收稿日期:2024-07-22 接受日期:2024-11-15 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2025-01-14
通讯作者: *E-mail: xiankunli@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32271599);国家自然科学基金(32260276);国家自然科学基金(32260286);弄岗喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站科研能力建设项目(桂科23-026-273)

Spatial variation of non-structural carbohydrates in the leaves of dominant tree species and ecological driving factors in a karst seasonal rainforest

Bin Wang¹^,²(), Yiqian Zhong¹^,²^,³, Meixue Yang¹^,²^,³, Miaorui Wu¹^,², Yanping Wang¹^,²^,³, Fang Lu¹^,²(), Wanglan Tao¹^,², Jianxing Li¹^,²(), Hongming Zhao¹^,², Shengyuan Liu²^,⁴, Wusheng Xiang¹^,²(), Xiankun Li¹^,²^,^*()()

1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
2. Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532499, China
3. College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
4. Administration Center of Guangxi Nonggang National Nature Reserve, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532499, China

Received:2024-07-22 Accepted:2024-11-15 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-14
Contact: *E-mail: xiankunli@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271599);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260276);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260286);Scientific Research Capacity Building Project for Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi(Guike23-026-273)

1. 附录.pdf(1441KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非结构性碳水化合物(non-structural carbohydrates, NSC)是植物碳收支平衡与响应外界环境变化的重要指标。为明确北热带喀斯特季节性雨林优势植物NSC的空间变异及其生态驱动因素, 本研究以不同生境条件下共31个优势树种165株个体为研究对象, 对其叶片NSC及组分(可溶性糖、淀粉)含量进行分析。运用贝叶斯系统发育混合效应模型将NSC变异划分为与物种系统发育相关的和无关的两部分, 并探讨了这两部分变异与地形、土壤性质、生物群落特征及叶片功能性状之间的深层联系。结果表明: (1)优势树种叶片NSC及其组分含量在3个生境之间存在显著的空间差异性, 总体表现为山顶 > 中坡 > 洼地。(2)物种系统发育背景对NSC、淀粉及可溶性糖总变异的解释率分别为53.97%、58.23%和57.88%。生态因子对这三者总变异的解释率分别为48.85%、32.54%和32.64%。值得注意的是, 生态因子对可溶性糖变异的影响更多是通过系统发育相关途径(23.15%)实现, 而对淀粉变异的影响则更依赖于非系统发育相关途径(26.89%)。(3)叶片厚度、枝条木质密度、南北坡向、比叶面积、群落平均胸径、平均海拔和叶绿素含量等对NSC的积累有显著正向效应, 而群落胸高断面积之和与土壤总碳等有显著负向效应。综上所述, 喀斯特季节性雨林中优势树种叶片NSC的空间变异既受到物种遗传差异与进化历史的深刻影响, 也与一系列生态因子的综合作用密切相关。本研究结果体现了不同生境下植物在碳获取、储存及利用策略上的显著适应性分化, 为深入理解喀斯特生态系统的碳循环机制及植物的适应策略提供了新视角。

关键词: 喀斯特峰丛洼地, 贝叶斯系统发育混合效应模型, 资源岛理论, 喀斯特动力系统, 系统发育保守性状

Abstract

Aims: Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) serve as a crucial indicator for plant carbon balance and their response to external environmental changes. This study aims to elucidate the spatial variability of NSC and its ecological drivers in dominant plant species within the northern tropical karst seasonal rainforest.

Methods: This study analyzed the leaf NSC content and its components (soluble sugars and starch) in 165 individuals across 31 dominant tree species in various habitat conditions (depression, middle slope, and peak). A Bayesian phylogenetic mixed-effects model was applied to partition NSC variation into two components related to species phylogeny and unrelated factors. The relationships of these components with topography, soil properties, biotic community characteristics, as well as leaf functional traits were explored.

Results: (1) Significant spatial differences in leaf NSC content and its components were observed, with the peak showing the highest NSC content, followed by the middle slope and the depression having the lowest values. (2) The phylogenetic background of species explained 53.97%, 58.23%, and 57.88% of the total variation in NSC, starch, and soluble sugars, respectively, while ecological factors explained 48.85%, 32.54%, and 32.64% of the total variation in these three components. Notably, ecological factors influenced soluble sugar variation more through phylogenetic pathways (23.15%) and starch variation more through non-phylogenetic pathways (26.89%). (3) Factors such as leaf thickness, wood density, slope aspect (north vs. south), specific leaf area, mean DBH of community, mean elevation, and chlorophyll content had significant positive effects on NSC accumulation. In contrast, the sum of community basal area and total soil carbon exhibited significant negative effects.

Conclusions: The spatial variation in leaf NSC of dominant tree species in karst seasonal rainforests is profoundly influenced by both species’ genetic and evolutionary backgrounds and the integrated effects of ecological factors. This reflects significant adaptive differentiation in carbon acquisition, storage, and utilization strategies among plants in different habitats, providing new insights into carbon cycling mechanisms in karst ecosystems and the adaptation strategies of plants.

Key words: karst peak-cluster depression, Bayesian phylogenetic mixed-effects model, resource island theory, karst dynamic system, phylogenetic conservatism trait

王斌, 钟艺倩, 杨美雪, 吴淼锐, 王艳萍, 陆芳, 陶旺兰, 李健星, 赵弘明, 刘晟源, 向悟生, 李先琨 (2024) 喀斯特季节性雨林优势树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物空间变异及生态驱动因素. 生物多样性, 32, 24325. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024325.

Bin Wang, Yiqian Zhong, Meixue Yang, Miaorui Wu, Yanping Wang, Fang Lu, Wanglan Tao, Jianxing Li, Hongming Zhao, Shengyuan Liu, Wusheng Xiang, Xiankun Li (2024) Spatial variation of non-structural carbohydrates in the leaves of dominant tree species and ecological driving factors in a karst seasonal rainforest. Biodiversity Science, 32, 24325. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024325.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024325

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I12/24325

图/表 7

表1 喀斯特季节性雨林3种生境类型下的采样物种名录

Table 1 Sampled species list across the three habitat types in the karst seasonal rainforest

序号 No.	山顶 Peak	中坡 Middle slope	洼地 Depression
1	山榄叶柿 Diospyros siderophylla	广西牡荆 Vitex kwangsiensis	中国无忧花 Saraca dives
2	毛叶铁榄 Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum var. pubifolium	肥牛树 Cephalomappa sinensis	假玉桂 Celtis timorensis
3	清香木 Pistacia weinmanniifolia	苹婆 Sterculia monosperma	对叶榕 Ficus hispida
4	细叶谷木 Memecylon scutellatum	蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense	广西棋子豆 Archidendron guangxiensis
5	黄梨木 Boniodendron minus	闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus	日本五月茶 Antidesma japonicum
6	鱼骨木 Psydrax dicocca	密花核果木 Drypetes congestiflora	假肥牛树 Cleistanthus petelotii
7	剑叶龙血树 Dracaena cochinchinensis	网脉核果木 Drypetes perreticulata	海南大风子 Hydnocarpus hainanensis
8	米念芭 Tirpitzia ovoidea	割舌树 Walsura robusta	三角车 Rinorea bengalensis
9	齿叶黄皮 Clausena dunniana	榕树 Ficus microcarpa	甜菜树 Yunnanopilia longistaminea
10	子楝树 Decaspermum grcilentum	浆果楝 Cipadessa baccifera	秋枫 Bischofia javanica
11	金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis	金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis	金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis

表2 喀斯特季节性雨林3种生境中生态因子的差异(平均值 ± 标准差)

Table 2 Differences in ecological factors across the three habitat types in the karst seasonal rainforest (mean ± SD)

生态因子 Ecological factors	山顶 Peak	中坡 Middle slope	洼地 Depression
平均海拔 Average elevation (m)	338.69 ± 11.53^a	273.76 ± 25.18^b	210.99 ± 20.13^c
南北坡向 North-south aspect (°)	0.24 ± 0.26^a	-0.04 ± 0.36^b	-0.02 ± 0.60^b
土壤总碳 Total soil carbon (g/kg)	66.24 ± 17.12^a	56.46 ± 9.36^b	53.91 ± 12.08^b
pH	6.89 ± 0.34^b	6.92 ± 0.42^b	7.23 ± 0.26^a
群落丰富度 Community richness	31.67 ± 4.58^a	26.87 ± 6.27^b	23.35 ± 6.06^c
群落平均胸径 Mean DBH of community (cm)	5.44 ± 0.42^a	5.57 ± 0.83^a	5.27 ± 0.75^a
群落最大高度 Maximum community height (m)	13.84 ± 2.96^c	16.59 ± 3.80^b	19.59 ± 3.76^a
群落胸高断面积之和 Sum of community basal area (cm²)	10,434.27 ± 1,411.85^b	11,889.36 ± 3,434.34^a	9,890.07 ± 2,796.09^b
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness (mm)	0.24 ± 0.11^ab	0.21 ± 0.08^b	0.28 ± 0.10^a
比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm²/g)	95.77 ± 62.11^b	117.18 ± 65.58^ab	128.9 ± 59.26^a
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (SPAD)	55.23 ± 10.88^a	49.97 ± 9.89^b	50.83 ± 8.31^b
植物高度 Plant height (m)	5.9 ± 2.10^a	6.75 ± 3.54^a	6.99 ± 3.45^a
枝条木质密度 Wood density of branches (g/cm³)	0.75 ± 0.10^a	0.56 ± 0.21^b	0.57 ± 0.18^b

图1 不同生境优势树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其组分含量的比较。* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001。

Fig. 1 Comparison of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and their component contents in leaves of dominant tree species across different habitats. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001.

图2 金丝李叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其组分含量在不同生境的比较。* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01。

Fig. 2 Comparison of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and their component contents in Garcinia paucinervis leaves across different habitats. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01.

图3 叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其组分含量的方差分解

Fig. 3 Variance decomposition of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and their component contents in leaves

图4 与系统发育结构相关联的不同物种间叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的差异性。每个中心点代表随机截距多次估计值的平均值, 粗线为标准误, 细线为5%-95%置信区间。0值代表整体平均值, 正值代表比整体平均值大, 负值代表比整体平均值小。实心图形代表置信区间内不包含零(P < 0.05, 统计显著), 空心图形则相反(P ≥ 0.05, 统计不显著)。

Fig. 4 Differences in non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in leaves among different species related to phylogenetic structure. Each center point indicates the mean of multiple estimates for a random intercept. Thick lines denote standard errors, and thin lines represent 5%-95% confidence intervals. A value of zero represents the overall mean; positive values indicate levels greater than the overall mean, and negative values indicate levels less than the overall mean. Solid symbols indicate confidence intervals that do not include zero (P < 0.05, statistically significant), while open symbols indicate the opposite (P ≥ 0.05, not statistically significant).

图5 生态因子对叶片非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其组分的影响。红色方块与线段表示与物种系统发育结构相关的生态因子的回归系数; 蓝色圆圈与线段表示与物种系统发育结构无关的生态因子的回归系数。中心点代表回归系数的平均值, 粗线为标准误, 细线为5%-95%置信区间。实心图形代表置信区间内不包含零(P < 0.05, 统计显著), 空心图形则相反(P ≥ 0.05, 统计不显著)。

Fig. 5 Effects of ecological factors on non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and their component contents in leaves. Red squares with lines represent regression coefficients associated with species phylogenetic structure, while blue circles with lines show regression coefficients independent of species phylogenetic structure. Each center point indicates the mean of multiple estimates for a regression coefficient. Thick lines denote standard errors, and thin lines represent 5%-95% confidence intervals. Solid symbols indicate confidence intervals that do not include zero (P < 0.05, statistically significant), while open symbols indicate the opposite (P ≥ 0.05, not statistically significant).

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喀斯特季节性雨林优势树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物空间变异及生态驱动因素

Spatial variation of non-structural carbohydrates in the leaves of dominant tree species and ecological driving factors in a karst seasonal rainforest

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