生物多样性 ›› 2003, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 162-168.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2003022

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物内生拟盘多毛孢的生物多样性

韦继光,徐同   

  1. 1 (浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州 310029)
    2 (广西大学林学院,南宁 530001)
  • 收稿日期:2002-10-16 修回日期:2003-01-25 出版日期:2003-03-20 发布日期:2003-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 徐同

Biodiversity of endophytic fungi Pestalotiopsis

WEI Ji-Guang,XU Tong   

  1. 1 Department of Plant Protection,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hang-zhou 310029
    2 Forestry College,Guangxi University,Nanning 530001
  • Received:2002-10-16 Revised:2003-01-25 Online:2003-03-20 Published:2003-03-20
  • Contact: XU Tong

摘要: 内生拟盘多毛孢是植物(尤其是木本植物)内生真菌的重要类群。分离自红豆杉的内生小孢拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis microspora)能产生抗癌的代谢产物紫杉醇, 因而引起了人们对内生拟盘多毛孢研究的兴趣。拟盘多毛孢内生于植物的根、茎、叶及繁殖体中,已鉴定的内生拟盘多毛孢有23种。在已调查的植物中,内生拟盘多毛孢的定殖率有很大差异,在红树(Rhizophora apiculata)、椰子(Cocos nucifer)、西藏红豆杉(Taxus wallichiana)、茶梅(Camellia sasanqua)、Fragraea bodeniiCordemoya integrifolia等木本植物中,拟盘多毛孢是内生真菌的优势类群。一种拟盘多毛孢可内生于多种植物体内,一种植物也可有多种拟盘多毛孢内生,其分布与植物所处的生态环境和地域有关。在一定的宿主植物生理条件或外界环境条件下,某些内生拟盘多毛孢可转变为寄生或腐生。对植物内生拟盘多毛孢代谢产物的研究表明,拟盘多毛孢可产生多种次生代谢产物,包括抗癌物质(紫杉醇和粗榧酸)和抗菌物质(环己烷类物质、粗榧酸和pestaloside)。植物内生拟盘多毛孢的资源调查和开发应用具有广阔的前景。

AbstractPestalotiopsis species is an important group of endophytic fungi. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis distributed in roots, stems, leaves and reproductive parts of its host plants. Twenty three endophytic Pestalotiopsis species have been identified. The colonization rates of endophytic Pestalotiopsis in observed plants were greatly different. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis was a dominant group in the tissues of Rhizophora apiculata ,Cocos nucifer ,Taxus yunnanensis,Camellia sasanqua ,Fragraea bodeniiand Cordemoya integrifolia . Most of endophytic Pestalotiopsis colonized more than one host plant, however, a few of them colonized only one. The distributions of endophytic Pestalotiopsis are related to ecological and environmental conditions and location of host plants. Some endophytic Pestalotiopsis act either as parasites or as saprophytes due to the different stage of host plants and (or) environmental conditions. Endophytic Pestalotiopsis produced a variety of secondary metabolites including antitumor components (taxol and torreyanic acid), antifungal and antibacterial components (cyclohexenone, torreyanic acid and pestaloside) showing a bright future of application.