新疆准噶尔荒漠植物叶片功能性状的进化和环境驱动机制初探

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.201

生物多样性 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 188-197. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.201

新疆准噶尔荒漠植物叶片功能性状的进化和环境驱动机制初探

尧婷婷¹^,², 孟婷婷¹, 倪健¹, 阎顺³, 冯晓华³, 王国宏¹^,^*()

¹中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
²中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
³中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2009-11-30 接受日期:2010-03-28 出版日期:2010-03-20 发布日期:2010-03-20
通讯作者: 王国宏
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30870398);植被与环境变化国家重点实验室课题(VEWALNE)

Leaf functional trait variation and its relationship with plant phylogenic background and the climate in Xinjiang Junggar Basin, NW China

Tingting Yao¹^,², Tingting Meng¹, Jian Ni¹, Shun Yan³, Xiaohua Feng³, Guohong Wang¹^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
²Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
³Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011

Received:2009-11-30 Accepted:2010-03-28 Online:2010-03-20 Published:2010-03-20
Contact: Guohong Wang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物功能性状是由遗传因素和环境条件共同决定的。剖析各因素对植物性状变异的相对影响, 对揭示植物对环境变化的响应和适应规律至关重要。作者以干旱区植物为研究对象, 定量化分析了植物叶片功能性状变异及其与环境梯度的关系。研究区域位于中国新疆准噶尔盆地及其周边区域。在30个样地中, 观测了110种植物的叶比重、叶片单位质量氮含量和单位面积氮含量以及叶片干物质含量,通过插值法获得每个样地的生物气候数据。结果表明: 物种水平上叶片性状(性状值为每个物种的实际观测值)的变异在很大程度上由植物进化背景所决定, 气候因子和功能群的作用次之; 在群落尺度上(性状值为每个样地的权重和), 叶比重与气候干旱程度呈正相关, 单位质量氮含量在水热组合最优的区域出现最大值, 而叶片干物质含量和单位面积氮含量与气候因子的相关性较小。叶比重是群落尺度上探讨叶片功能性状与环境梯度关系的一个合适的指标。此外, 在研究植物性状-环境关系过程中, 尽可能观测多个植物功能性状是必要的。但是, 只有排除植物系统背景的影响, 关于植物性状-环境关系的研究结论才可能接近真实情况。将来应该加强同一种内不同种群间的叶片性状的采样和分析工作。

关键词: 叶氮含量, 叶片干物质含量, 叶比重, 植物水分可利用性, 最热月均温, 干旱气候

Abstract

To quantitatively characterize leaf trait variation and the manner that plants adapt to extremely dry climates, we measured four leaf functional traits, i.e., leaf mass per area (LMA), mass- and area-based leaf nitrogen concentration (N_mass, N_area) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) for 110 plant species in Xinjiang Junggar Basin, NW China. Plant family, plant functional group and climatic factors (plant water availability: α; mean temperature of the warmest month: MTWA) were used as the dependent variables to explain the species-level variation in LDMC, LMA, N _mass, and N_area. The plot-level leaf trait values were related to α and MTWA via stepwise regression. Our results indicated that: (1) the species-level leaf trait variations are to large extent determined by plant family, while the influence of functional group and climatic factor tends to be the second; (2) At the plot-level, LMA increases as the climate becomes drier, while N _mass is positively related to the simultaneous optimization of α and MTWA, i.e., N _masstends to be higher in warm-wet habitats than in cold-dry one. LDMC and N_mass are less relevant to the climatic gradient. Plants in the study area have demonstrated an overall adaptation to the extremely dry climate. However, due to the differences in phylogenic background, different species may take different strategies in the face of the same climatic gradient. It is therefore important to examine the relative importance of plant phylogenic background and the environments on plant trait variation, which may matter for our prediction of plant response to the environmental changes in arid area.

Key words: leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf dry matter content, leaf mass per area, plant water availability, mean temperature of the warmest month, arid climate

尧婷婷, 孟婷婷, 倪健, 阎顺, 冯晓华, 王国宏 (2010) 新疆准噶尔荒漠植物叶片功能性状的进化和环境驱动机制初探. 生物多样性, 18, 188-197. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.201.

Tingting Yao, Tingting Meng, Jian Ni, Shun Yan, Xiaohua Feng, Guohong Wang (2010) Leaf functional trait variation and its relationship with plant phylogenic background and the climate in Xinjiang Junggar Basin, NW China. Biodiversity Science, 18, 188-197. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.201.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.201

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I2/188

图/表 7

参考文献 35

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样地 Sites	经纬度 Latitude, Longitude		海拔 Elevation (m)	植被类型 Vegetation	年均温度MAT (ºC)	年均降水MAP (mm)	水分可利用性指数 α	最热月温度 MTWA (ºC)
X01	45°09.39′N,	84°44.66′E	277	盐爪爪荒漠 Kalidium foliatum desert	9.3	140.1	0.181	27.87
X02	46°23.77′N,	85°56.70′E	701	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	5.9	190.6	0.252	21.63
X03	47°02.35′N,	87°05.61′E	620	短叶假木贼荒漠 Anabasis brevifolia desert	5.4	197.5	0.248	21.3
X04	47°49.85′N,	86°51.00′E	499	灌木亚菊荒漠 Ajania fruticulosadesert	5.4	205.0	0.221	21.96
X05	47°56.38′N,	86°50.06′E	481	红果沙拐枣荒漠 Calligonum rubicundum desert	5.5	205.6	0.228	21.88
X06	48°09.99′N,	87°04.83′E	779	寸草苔草地 Carex duriuscula grassland	3.4	235.5	0.333	17.6
X07	48°11.45′N,	87°01.24′E	1,199	欧亚绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea media shrubland	1.2	262.9	0.347	17.33
X08	48°19.95′N,	87°07.43′E	1,599	寸草苔草地 Carex duriusculagrassland	-0.9	290.4	0.415	12.28
X09	47°43.14′N,	87°01.03′E	498	白刺荒漠 Nitraria tangutorumdesert	5.6	198.1	0.209	22.19
X10	47°44.44′N,	87°32.51′E	521	无叶假木贼荒漠 Anabasis aphylladesert	5.4	200.5	0.191	22.74
X11	47°09.33′N,	88°42.14′E	750	木地肤荒漠 Kochia prostratadesert	4.7	200.1	0.236	22.41
X12	46°18.23′N,	89°32.93′E	885	驼绒藜荒漠 Ceratoides latens Desert	5.0	180.3	0.264	21.64
X13	45°21.57′N,	89°24.21′E	1,068	盐爪爪荒漠 Kalidium foliatum desert	5.2	167.5	0.316	21.06
X14	44°07.43′N,	89°48.37′E	513	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.3	101.3	0.213	23.85
X15	44°04.65′N,	87°47.62′E	583	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.0	116.1	0.242	25.59
X16	44°04.01′N,	88°04.65′E	852	小叶锦鸡儿荒漠 Caragana microphylla desert	7.6	130.0	0.312	22.77
X17	43°59.69′N,	88°03.85′E	1,088	寸草苔草地 Carex duriuscula grassland	7.0	133.7	0.306	22.61
X18	43°55.57′N,	88°06.75′E	1,423	小檗灌丛 Berberis amurensis shrubland	5.3	153.9	0.343	21.58
X19	42°50.21′N,	89°26.14′E	-88	骆驼刺荒漠 Alhagi sparsifolia desert	14.1	23.5	0.020	32.58
X20	42°43.52′N,	89°26.32′E	-136	黑果枸杞荒漠 Lycium ruthenicum desert	14.4	18.7	0.017	33.06
X21	42°41.26′N,	89°25.38′E	-146	盐穗木荒漠 Halostachys belangeriana desert	14.5	17.5	0.014	33.51
X22	42°22.10′N,	88°33.94′E	1,721	木霸王荒漠 Zygophyllum xanthoxylondesert	5.4	137.1	0.229	21.46
X23	42°13.07′N,	87°45.51′E	1,445	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	6.9	122.0	0.216	20.71
X24	41°48.40′N,	86°14.92′E	1,444	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	7.6	112.4	0.143	22.29
X25	40°30.78′N,	84°18.99′E	931	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	11.5	60.0	0.053	26.91
X26	40°49.62′N,	84°17.40′E	921	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	11.3	65.0	0.058	27.2
X27	41°29.04′N,	84°12.61′E	928	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	10.4	85.5	0.089	26.18
X28	41°29.96′N,	84°30.33′E	919	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	10.4	84.2	0.093	25.86
X29	41°39.35′N,	84°53.34′E	902	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	10.4	84.3	0.096	25.73
X30	42°14.84′N,	88°13.95′E	966	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.2	88.0	0.085	25.81

样地 Sites	经纬度 Latitude, Longitude		海拔 Elevation (m)	植被类型 Vegetation	年均温度MAT (ºC)	年均降水MAP (mm)	水分可利用性指数 α	最热月温度 MTWA (ºC)
X01	45°09.39′N,	84°44.66′E	277	盐爪爪荒漠 Kalidium foliatum desert	9.3	140.1	0.181	27.87
X02	46°23.77′N,	85°56.70′E	701	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	5.9	190.6	0.252	21.63
X03	47°02.35′N,	87°05.61′E	620	短叶假木贼荒漠 Anabasis brevifolia desert	5.4	197.5	0.248	21.3
X04	47°49.85′N,	86°51.00′E	499	灌木亚菊荒漠 Ajania fruticulosadesert	5.4	205.0	0.221	21.96
X05	47°56.38′N,	86°50.06′E	481	红果沙拐枣荒漠 Calligonum rubicundum desert	5.5	205.6	0.228	21.88
X06	48°09.99′N,	87°04.83′E	779	寸草苔草地 Carex duriuscula grassland	3.4	235.5	0.333	17.6
X07	48°11.45′N,	87°01.24′E	1,199	欧亚绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea media shrubland	1.2	262.9	0.347	17.33
X08	48°19.95′N,	87°07.43′E	1,599	寸草苔草地 Carex duriusculagrassland	-0.9	290.4	0.415	12.28
X09	47°43.14′N,	87°01.03′E	498	白刺荒漠 Nitraria tangutorumdesert	5.6	198.1	0.209	22.19
X10	47°44.44′N,	87°32.51′E	521	无叶假木贼荒漠 Anabasis aphylladesert	5.4	200.5	0.191	22.74
X11	47°09.33′N,	88°42.14′E	750	木地肤荒漠 Kochia prostratadesert	4.7	200.1	0.236	22.41
X12	46°18.23′N,	89°32.93′E	885	驼绒藜荒漠 Ceratoides latens Desert	5.0	180.3	0.264	21.64
X13	45°21.57′N,	89°24.21′E	1,068	盐爪爪荒漠 Kalidium foliatum desert	5.2	167.5	0.316	21.06
X14	44°07.43′N,	89°48.37′E	513	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.3	101.3	0.213	23.85
X15	44°04.65′N,	87°47.62′E	583	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.0	116.1	0.242	25.59
X16	44°04.01′N,	88°04.65′E	852	小叶锦鸡儿荒漠 Caragana microphylla desert	7.6	130.0	0.312	22.77
X17	43°59.69′N,	88°03.85′E	1,088	寸草苔草地 Carex duriuscula grassland	7.0	133.7	0.306	22.61
X18	43°55.57′N,	88°06.75′E	1,423	小檗灌丛 Berberis amurensis shrubland	5.3	153.9	0.343	21.58
X19	42°50.21′N,	89°26.14′E	-88	骆驼刺荒漠 Alhagi sparsifolia desert	14.1	23.5	0.020	32.58
X20	42°43.52′N,	89°26.32′E	-136	黑果枸杞荒漠 Lycium ruthenicum desert	14.4	18.7	0.017	33.06
X21	42°41.26′N,	89°25.38′E	-146	盐穗木荒漠 Halostachys belangeriana desert	14.5	17.5	0.014	33.51
X22	42°22.10′N,	88°33.94′E	1,721	木霸王荒漠 Zygophyllum xanthoxylondesert	5.4	137.1	0.229	21.46
X23	42°13.07′N,	87°45.51′E	1,445	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	6.9	122.0	0.216	20.71
X24	41°48.40′N,	86°14.92′E	1,444	合头草荒漠 Sympegma regelii desert	7.6	112.4	0.143	22.29
X25	40°30.78′N,	84°18.99′E	931	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	11.5	60.0	0.053	26.91
X26	40°49.62′N,	84°17.40′E	921	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	11.3	65.0	0.058	27.2
X27	41°29.04′N,	84°12.61′E	928	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	10.4	85.5	0.089	26.18
X28	41°29.96′N,	84°30.33′E	919	刚毛柽柳荒漠 Tamarix hispidadesert	10.4	84.2	0.093	25.86
X29	41°39.35′N,	84°53.34′E	902	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	10.4	84.3	0.096	25.73
X30	42°14.84′N,	88°13.95′E	966	红砂荒漠 Reaumuria soongarica desert	9.2	88.0	0.085	25.81

变异来源 Source		叶干物质含量 LDMC		叶比重 LMA		叶质量氮 N_mass		叶面积氮 N_area
变异来源 Source	df	F	ss%	F	ss%	F	ss%	F	ss%
MTWA	2	1.82	1.3	1.46	0.9	2.26	2.1	4.05	2.3*
α	2	0.48	0.3	33.08	20.8***	6.75	6.3**	14.83	8.4***
FG	2	10.48	7.5***	23.06	14.5***	2.21	2.1	21.64	12.2***
Family	27	4.78	46.5***	2.16	18.4**	1.63	20.4*	3.69	28.2***
MTWA×α	3	0.04	0.0	1.80	1.7	3.21	4.5*	2.11	1.8
MTWA×FG	4	0.12	0.2	0.19	0.2	0.64	1.2	0.10	0.1
MTWA×Family	18	0.59	3.8	1.00	5.7	1.30	10.9	1.87	9.5*
α×FG	4	0.16	0.2	1.39	1.7	0.25	0.5	1.82	2.1
α×Family	10	0.85	3.1	0.80	2.5	0.96	4.4	1.63	4.6
FG×Family	4	0.40	0.6	1.31	1.7	0.51	0.9	2.00	2.3
Total	178		54		53.7		31.2		60.6

变异来源 Source		叶干物质含量 LDMC		叶比重 LMA		叶质量氮 N_mass		叶面积氮 N_area
变异来源 Source	df	F	ss%	F	ss%	F	ss%	F	ss%
MTWA	2	1.82	1.3	1.46	0.9	2.26	2.1	4.05	2.3*
α	2	0.48	0.3	33.08	20.8***	6.75	6.3**	14.83	8.4***
FG	2	10.48	7.5***	23.06	14.5***	2.21	2.1	21.64	12.2***
Family	27	4.78	46.5***	2.16	18.4**	1.63	20.4*	3.69	28.2***
MTWA×α	3	0.04	0.0	1.80	1.7	3.21	4.5*	2.11	1.8
MTWA×FG	4	0.12	0.2	0.19	0.2	0.64	1.2	0.10	0.1
MTWA×Family	18	0.59	3.8	1.00	5.7	1.30	10.9	1.87	9.5*
α×FG	4	0.16	0.2	1.39	1.7	0.25	0.5	1.82	2.1
α×Family	10	0.85	3.1	0.80	2.5	0.96	4.4	1.63	4.6
FG×Family	4	0.40	0.6	1.31	1.7	0.51	0.9	2.00	2.3
Total	178		54		53.7		31.2		60.6

新疆准噶尔荒漠植物叶片功能性状的进化和环境驱动机制初探

Leaf functional trait variation and its relationship with plant phylogenic background and the climate in Xinjiang Junggar Basin, NW China

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