中国菌物名录数据库在大型真菌红色名录编制中的作用

doi:10.17520/biods.2019163

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 74-98. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019163

中国菌物名录数据库在大型真菌红色名录编制中的作用

王科^1,²,赵明君¹,苏锦河³,杨柳¹,邓红¹,王永会^1,²,吴海军¹,李熠⁴,吴红梅¹,卫晓丹¹,魏铁铮¹,蔡磊¹,姚一建^1,^*()

^1. 中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室, 北京 100101
^2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
^3. 集美大学计算机工程学院, 福建厦门 361021
^4. 扬州大学食品科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127

收稿日期:2019-05-13 接受日期:2019-07-09 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2019-12-13
通讯作者: 姚一建
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);中国科学院科技促进发展局特别支持项目

The use of Checklist of Fungi in China database in the red list assessment of macrofungi in China

Ke Wang^1,²,Mingjun Zhao¹,Jinhe Su³,Liu Yang¹,Hong Deng¹,Yonghui Wang^1,²,Haijun Wu¹,Yi Li⁴,Hongmei Wu¹,Xiaodan Wei¹,Tiezheng Wei¹,Lei Cai¹,Yijian Yao^1,^*()

^1. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
^2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
^3. Computer Engineering College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021
^4. School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127

Received:2019-05-13 Accepted:2019-07-09 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2019-12-13
Contact: Yijian Yao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长期以来, 分类学的研究成果主要以平面的方式发表在各种纸质文献资料中。近年来, 随着计算机和人工智能等新兴技术的发展和应用, 平面资料信息的数字化成为一种趋势, 世界各国都非常重视本国生物资源信息的收集汇总, 构建了多种数据库, 为科学研究、政府决策、资源保护、合理利用和科学传播提供了重要的信息基础。本研究探索并建立从菌物学平面资料信息构建数据库的流程和方法, 并在中国菌物名录数据库和Index Fungorum所收集数据的基础上进行数据挖掘和分析。通过软件操作和程序设计, 在数据库中提取相关信息, 辅助完成了《中国生物多样性红色名录——大型真菌卷》的编制工作, 同时梳理和规范了菌物拉丁和汉语学名, 为菌物分类研究和资源评估与保护提供基础。

关键词: 文献数字化, 菌物数据库, 红色名录初评, 菌物汉语学名

Abstract

Taxonomic research has, to date, mainly been published in peer-based journals and books. Recently, with the development of emerging technology, document digitization has become a new trend and a variety of databases have been established to provide useful information for scientific research, government decisions, resource protection and utilization, and science communication. During the Red List Assessment of Macrofungi in China project, The Checklist of Fungi in China and Index Fungorum were used for data mining and programming methods to compile the Red List of China’s Biodiversity—Macrofungi. Both Latin and Chinese scientific names of assessed species were revised and corrected, providing a useful example for established database importance in taxonomic research, evaluation, and biological conservation.

Key words: digitization, fungal databases, initial assessment, fungal Chinese name

王科,赵明君,苏锦河,杨柳,邓红,王永会,吴海军,李熠,吴红梅,卫晓丹,魏铁铮,蔡磊,姚一建 (2020) 中国菌物名录数据库在大型真菌红色名录编制中的作用. 生物多样性, 28, 74-98. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019163.

Ke Wang,Mingjun Zhao,Jinhe Su,Liu Yang,Hong Deng,Yonghui Wang,Haijun Wu,Yi Li,Hongmei Wu,Xiaodan Wei,Tiezheng Wei,Lei Cai,Yijian Yao (2020) The use of Checklist of Fungi in China database in the red list assessment of macrofungi in China. Biodiversity Science, 28, 74-98. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019163.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019163

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I1/74

图/表 8

参考文献 33

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类群 Groups	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
大型子囊菌 Macro-ascomycetes	6	10	33	107	870
大型担子菌 Macro-basidiomycetes	3	23	106	841	6,268
地衣型真菌 Lichenized fungi	9	34	93	352	2,164
总计 Total ^*	14	62	227	1,298	9,302

类群 Groups	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
大型子囊菌 Macro-ascomycetes	6	10	33	107	870
大型担子菌 Macro-basidiomycetes	3	23	106	841	6,268
地衣型真菌 Lichenized fungi	9	34	93	352	2,164
总计 Total ^*	14	62	227	1,298	9,302

等级 Categories	初评物种数 Preliminary number of species (%)	最终物种数 Final number of species (%)
灭绝 Extinct (EX)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
野外灭绝 Extinct in the Wild (EW)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
疑似灭绝 Possibly Extinct (PE)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.01)
极危 Critically Endangered (CR)	0 (0.00)	9 (0.10)
濒危 Endangered (EN)	14 (0.15)	25 (0.24)
易危 Vulnerable (VU)	106 (1.14)	62 (0.67)
近危 Near Threatened (NT)	167 (1.80)	101 (1.09)
无危 Least Concern (LC)	4,925 (52.95)	2,764 (29.71)
数据不足 Data Deficient (DD)	4,090 (43.97)	6,340 (68.16)
总数 Total	9,302 (100)	9,302 (100)

等级 Categories	初评物种数 Preliminary number of species (%)	最终物种数 Final number of species (%)
灭绝 Extinct (EX)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
野外灭绝 Extinct in the Wild (EW)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
疑似灭绝 Possibly Extinct (PE)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.01)
极危 Critically Endangered (CR)	0 (0.00)	9 (0.10)
濒危 Endangered (EN)	14 (0.15)	25 (0.24)
易危 Vulnerable (VU)	106 (1.14)	62 (0.67)
近危 Near Threatened (NT)	167 (1.80)	101 (1.09)
无危 Least Concern (LC)	4,925 (52.95)	2,764 (29.71)
数据不足 Data Deficient (DD)	4,090 (43.97)	6,340 (68.16)
总数 Total	9,302 (100)	9,302 (100)

拉丁学名 Scientific names	原汉语学名 Original Chinese names	修订名 Revised Chinese names	修订说明 Revised notes
Albatrellus citrinus	桔黄地花菌	橘黄地花菌	误用字订正
Entoloma placidum	温和粉褶蕈	怡人粉褶蕈	遵循优先律(2), 根据Rhodophyllus placidus怡人赤褶菇(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)组合
Hemiphacidiaceae	绿杯盘菌科	贫盘菌科	遵循优先律(1), 来自《真菌名词及名称》(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)
Ithyphallus rugulosus	皱白鬼笔	细皱白鬼笔	遵循优先律(2), 根据Phallus rugulosus 细皱鬼笔(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)组合
Lactarius aurantiacus	桔色乳菇	橘色乳菇	误用字订正
Marasmius umboalbus	脐状白小皮伞	白凸小皮伞	遵循优先律(3), 来自《中国大型菌物资源图鉴》(李玉等, 2015)
Matula	杯座菌属	杯座孢属	遵循优先律(1), 来自《真菌名词及名称》(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)
Matula poroniiforme	孔形杯座菌	孔形杯座孢	遵循优先律(1), 来自《真菌名词及名称》(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)
Mycena citrinomarginata	桔色凹小菇	橘色凹小菇	误用字订正
Phallus aurantiacus	桔红鬼笔	橘红鬼笔	误用字订正
Phillipsia inaequalis	桔色歪盘菌	橘色歪盘菌	误用字订正
Picipes badius	黄褐黑斑根孔菌	褐黑斑根孔菌	遵循优先律(4), 根据Polyporus badius褐多孔菌(张东柱等, 1989)修订
Pleurotus badius	褐侧耳	栗褐侧耳	原拟定汉语学名已被Pleurotus australis (孔祥辉等, 2008)使用, 重新拟定
Sidera lenis	晶星革菌	柔晶星革菌	根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》(中国菌物学会, 1987)第7条修订
Steccherinaceae	刺孢齿耳菌科	齿耳科	根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》(中国菌物学会, 1987)第5条和Steccherinum齿耳属(中国科学院微生物研究所, 1986)修订
Stropholoma aurantiacum	桔黄球盖菇	橘黄球盖菇	误用字订正
Termitomyces citriophyllus	桔褶蚁巢伞	橘褶蚁巢伞	误用字订正
Tricholoma aurantium	桔黄口蘑	橘黄口蘑	误用字订正
Ungulidaedalea fragilis	蹄迷孔菌	脆蹄迷孔菌	根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》(中国菌物学会, 1987)第7条修订
Urnula helvelloides	脚瓶盘菌	马鞍状脚瓶盘菌	根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》(中国菌物学会, 1987)第7条修订
Xanthoporia radiata	辐射状金黄卧孔菌	辐射金黄卧孔菌	根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》(中国菌物学会, 1987)第11条修订

中国菌物名录数据库在大型真菌红色名录编制中的作用

The use of Checklist of Fungi in China database in the red list assessment of macrofungi in China

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拉丁学名	汉语学名	拉丁学名	汉语学名
Abundisporus mollissimus B. K. Cui & C. L. Zhao	软多孢孔菌	Aleurina nigrodisca Sawada	黑粉盘菌
Acanthobasidium penicillatum (Burt) Sheng H. Wu	帚状刺担菌	Aleurodiscus botryosus Burt	葡萄盘革菌
Acanthofungus rimosus Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C. Y. Chien	裂纹刺囊革菌	Aleurodiscus cremicolor Hjortstam & Ryvarden	奶油色盘革菌
Agaricus amanitiformis Wasser	鹅膏状蘑菇	Aleurodiscus diffissus (Sacc.) Burt	罕见盘革菌
Agaricus angustus Pers.	狭蘑菇	Amanita anisata (Murrill) Murrill	异形鹅膏
Agaricus bisporatus Contu	二孢蘑菇	Amanita australis G. Stev.	南方鹅膏
Agaricus brunneolus (J. E. Lange) Pilát	褐蘑菇	Amanita baccata (Fr.) Gillet	浆果鹅膏
Agaricus chaetodes Berk. & M. A. Curtis	毛蘑菇	Amanita bivolvata Peck	双托鹅膏
Agaricus cladophyllus Lév.	枝生蘑菇	Amanita cheelii P. M. Kirk	朱氏鹅膏
Agaricus compernis Fr.	康珀蘑菇	Amanita cothurnata G. F. Atk.	具鞘鹅膏
Agaricus cupreobrunneus (Jul. Schäff. & Steer) Pilát	铜褐蘑菇	Amanita puella Gonn. & Rabenh.	美鹅膏
Agaricus dactyliotus Berk. & Mont.	枝蘑菇	Amanita spadicea Pers.	枣褐鹅膏
Agaricus depauperatus (F. H. Møller) Pilát	萎缩蘑菇	Amanita verrucosa Lam.	多疣鹅膏
Agaricus fabaceus Berk.	蚕豆蘑菇	Amauroderma insulare (Har. & Pat.) Torrend	岛乌芝
Agaricus flocculosipes R. L. Zhao, Desjardin, Guinb. & K. D. Hyde	卷毛蘑菇	Amauroderma perplexum Corner	惑乌芝
Agaricus glaucobrunneus Berk. & M. A. Curtis	绿褐蘑菇	Amylocorticiellum cremeoisabellinum (Litsch.) Spirin & Zmitr.	浅黄小淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus guizhouensis Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu & K. D. Hyde	贵州蘑菇	Amylocorticium indicum K. S. Thind & S. S. Rattan	印度淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus hondensis Murrill	本田蘑菇	Amylocorticium subincarnatum (Peck) Pouzar	亚肉质淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus longistipes Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu, Callac, L. A. Parra & K. D. Hyde	长柄蘑菇	Amylocorticium subsulphureum (P. Karst.) Pouzar	亚硫色淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus macrosporoides Bohus	似大孢蘑菇	Amylosporus rubellus (Y. C. Dai) Y. C. Dai, Jia J. Chen & B. K. Cui	红粉孢菌
Agaricus megalocarpus Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu, Callac, L. A. Parra & K. D. Hyde	大果蘑菇	Amylosporus ryvardenii Stalpers	吕氏粉孢菌
Agaricus minimus (Ricken) Pilát	迷你蘑菇	Anellaria ochroleuca Sawada	黄白斑褶伞
Agaricus ochraceosquamulosus Heinem.	红褐鳞蘑菇	Anellaria planiuscula Sawada	平斑褶伞
Agaricus perturbans E. Ludw. & W. Pohl	扰乱蘑菇	Anthracophyllum lateritium (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Singer	砖红炭褶菌
Agaricus phaeolepidotus F. H. Møller	暗鳞蘑菇	Antrodia lalashana T. T. Chang & W. N. Chou	拉拉山薄孔菌
Agaricus pocillator Murrill	莲座蘑菇	Antrodia mappa (Overh. & J. Lowe) Miettinen & Vlasák	地貌状薄孔菌
Agaricus poigenus Berk. & M. A. Curtis	早熟禾蘑菇	Antrodiella nanospora H. S. Yuan	微孢小薄孔菌
Agaricus pseudopratensis (Bohus) Wasser	拟草地蘑菇	Antrodiella pendulina H. S. Yuan	下垂小薄孔菌
Agaricus spodophyllus Krombh.	灰褶蘑菇	Antrodiella ussurii Y. C. Dai & Niemelä	乌苏里小薄孔菌
Agaricus velutinus Pers.	丝绒蘑菇	Aphanobasidium pseudotsugae (Burt) Boidin & Gilles	假铁杉丝瑚菌
Agaricus xantholepis F. H. Møller	黄鳞蘑菇	Armillaria subcava (Schumach.) Sacc.	亚空蜜环菌
Agrocybe firma (Peck) Singer	紧实田头菇	Arrhenia discorosea (Pilát) Zvyagina, Aleks. & Bulyonk.	分离健孔菌
Albatrellopsis flettii (Morse ex Pouzar) Audet	蓝黄拟地花菌	Arrhenia lobata (Pers.) Kühner & Lamoure ex Redhead	裂片健孔菌
Albatrellus citrinus Ryman	橘黄地花菌	Artomyces cristatus (Kauffman) Jülich	冠密瑚菌
Albatrellus jianfenglingensis G. Y. Zheng	尖峰岭地花菌	Ascobolus scatigenus (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Brumm.	寡纹粪盘菌
Aleuria bicucullata Boud.	双勺网孢盘菌	Ascocoryne trichophora (A. L. Sm.) Seifert	产丝胞囊盾菌
Aspicilia annulata (Lynge) J. W. Thomson	环状平茶渍	Boreostereum sulphuratum (Berk. & Ravenel) G. Y. Zheng & Z. S. Bi	硫北方韧革菌
Aspicilia anseris (Lynge) J. W. Thomson	异形平茶渍	Bothia castanella (Peck) Halling, T. J. Baroni & Manfr. Binder	栗色博氏牛肝菌
Aspicilia cupreoglauca B. de Lesd.	铜绿平茶渍	Bothia fujianensis N. K. Zeng & Zhu L. Yang	福建博氏牛肝菌
Aspicilia lacunosa Mereschk.	拉康平茶渍	Bovista bovistoides (Cooke & Massee) S. Ahmad	近灰球菌

拉丁学名	汉语学名	拉丁学名	汉语学名
Abundisporus mollissimus B. K. Cui & C. L. Zhao	软多孢孔菌	Aleurina nigrodisca Sawada	黑粉盘菌
Acanthobasidium penicillatum (Burt) Sheng H. Wu	帚状刺担菌	Aleurodiscus botryosus Burt	葡萄盘革菌
Acanthofungus rimosus Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C. Y. Chien	裂纹刺囊革菌	Aleurodiscus cremicolor Hjortstam & Ryvarden	奶油色盘革菌
Agaricus amanitiformis Wasser	鹅膏状蘑菇	Aleurodiscus diffissus (Sacc.) Burt	罕见盘革菌
Agaricus angustus Pers.	狭蘑菇	Amanita anisata (Murrill) Murrill	异形鹅膏
Agaricus bisporatus Contu	二孢蘑菇	Amanita australis G. Stev.	南方鹅膏
Agaricus brunneolus (J. E. Lange) Pilát	褐蘑菇	Amanita baccata (Fr.) Gillet	浆果鹅膏
Agaricus chaetodes Berk. & M. A. Curtis	毛蘑菇	Amanita bivolvata Peck	双托鹅膏
Agaricus cladophyllus Lév.	枝生蘑菇	Amanita cheelii P. M. Kirk	朱氏鹅膏
Agaricus compernis Fr.	康珀蘑菇	Amanita cothurnata G. F. Atk.	具鞘鹅膏
Agaricus cupreobrunneus (Jul. Schäff. & Steer) Pilát	铜褐蘑菇	Amanita puella Gonn. & Rabenh.	美鹅膏
Agaricus dactyliotus Berk. & Mont.	枝蘑菇	Amanita spadicea Pers.	枣褐鹅膏
Agaricus depauperatus (F. H. Møller) Pilát	萎缩蘑菇	Amanita verrucosa Lam.	多疣鹅膏
Agaricus fabaceus Berk.	蚕豆蘑菇	Amauroderma insulare (Har. & Pat.) Torrend	岛乌芝
Agaricus flocculosipes R. L. Zhao, Desjardin, Guinb. & K. D. Hyde	卷毛蘑菇	Amauroderma perplexum Corner	惑乌芝
Agaricus glaucobrunneus Berk. & M. A. Curtis	绿褐蘑菇	Amylocorticiellum cremeoisabellinum (Litsch.) Spirin & Zmitr.	浅黄小淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus guizhouensis Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu & K. D. Hyde	贵州蘑菇	Amylocorticium indicum K. S. Thind & S. S. Rattan	印度淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus hondensis Murrill	本田蘑菇	Amylocorticium subincarnatum (Peck) Pouzar	亚肉质淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus longistipes Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu, Callac, L. A. Parra & K. D. Hyde	长柄蘑菇	Amylocorticium subsulphureum (P. Karst.) Pouzar	亚硫色淀粉伏革菌
Agaricus macrosporoides Bohus	似大孢蘑菇	Amylosporus rubellus (Y. C. Dai) Y. C. Dai, Jia J. Chen & B. K. Cui	红粉孢菌
Agaricus megalocarpus Y. Gui, Zuo Y. Liu, Callac, L. A. Parra & K. D. Hyde	大果蘑菇	Amylosporus ryvardenii Stalpers	吕氏粉孢菌
Agaricus minimus (Ricken) Pilát	迷你蘑菇	Anellaria ochroleuca Sawada	黄白斑褶伞
Agaricus ochraceosquamulosus Heinem.	红褐鳞蘑菇	Anellaria planiuscula Sawada	平斑褶伞
Agaricus perturbans E. Ludw. & W. Pohl	扰乱蘑菇	Anthracophyllum lateritium (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Singer	砖红炭褶菌
Agaricus phaeolepidotus F. H. Møller	暗鳞蘑菇	Antrodia lalashana T. T. Chang & W. N. Chou	拉拉山薄孔菌
Agaricus pocillator Murrill	莲座蘑菇	Antrodia mappa (Overh. & J. Lowe) Miettinen & Vlasák	地貌状薄孔菌
Agaricus poigenus Berk. & M. A. Curtis	早熟禾蘑菇	Antrodiella nanospora H. S. Yuan	微孢小薄孔菌
Agaricus pseudopratensis (Bohus) Wasser	拟草地蘑菇	Antrodiella pendulina H. S. Yuan	下垂小薄孔菌
Agaricus spodophyllus Krombh.	灰褶蘑菇	Antrodiella ussurii Y. C. Dai & Niemelä	乌苏里小薄孔菌
Agaricus velutinus Pers.	丝绒蘑菇	Aphanobasidium pseudotsugae (Burt) Boidin & Gilles	假铁杉丝瑚菌
Agaricus xantholepis F. H. Møller	黄鳞蘑菇	Armillaria subcava (Schumach.) Sacc.	亚空蜜环菌
Agrocybe firma (Peck) Singer	紧实田头菇	Arrhenia discorosea (Pilát) Zvyagina, Aleks. & Bulyonk.	分离健孔菌
Albatrellopsis flettii (Morse ex Pouzar) Audet	蓝黄拟地花菌	Arrhenia lobata (Pers.) Kühner & Lamoure ex Redhead	裂片健孔菌
Albatrellus citrinus Ryman	橘黄地花菌	Artomyces cristatus (Kauffman) Jülich	冠密瑚菌
Albatrellus jianfenglingensis G. Y. Zheng	尖峰岭地花菌	Ascobolus scatigenus (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Brumm.	寡纹粪盘菌
Aleuria bicucullata Boud.	双勺网孢盘菌	Ascocoryne trichophora (A. L. Sm.) Seifert	产丝胞囊盾菌
Aspicilia annulata (Lynge) J. W. Thomson	环状平茶渍	Boreostereum sulphuratum (Berk. & Ravenel) G. Y. Zheng & Z. S. Bi	硫北方韧革菌
Aspicilia anseris (Lynge) J. W. Thomson	异形平茶渍	Bothia castanella (Peck) Halling, T. J. Baroni & Manfr. Binder	栗色博氏牛肝菌
Aspicilia cupreoglauca B. de Lesd.	铜绿平茶渍	Bothia fujianensis N. K. Zeng & Zhu L. Yang	福建博氏牛肝菌
Aspicilia lacunosa Mereschk.	拉康平茶渍	Bovista bovistoides (Cooke & Massee) S. Ahmad	近灰球菌