Ecosystem status and health assessment of Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve

doi:10.17520/biods.2017312

Abstract

Abstract:

To assess the health of Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve (SCRNNR), we surveyed corals, reef fish, and macrobenthos at three stations (Dongdao, Luhuitou, Dadonghai). We compared these data with historical data together with expert consultations, and identified first and second class indices of coral reef ecosystem health and their weights (coral reef ecosystem health assessment comprehensive index method). We recorded 37 species of hermatypic corals, and three species of soft corals, averaging 14.31% and 0.19% of the benthic cover, respectively. The highest cover of hermatypic corals was 21.58% at Luhuitou. Thirty-six species of coral reef fishes belonging to 14 families and 28 genera were recorded, of which Pomacentridae was the dominant family. Density of reef fishes was highest at 4 m depth on Luhuitou reef reaching up to 154/300 m². Corallivorous snail and lobsters were rarely observed while corallivorous snails, Drupella, were common at all sites. Our results indicate that the health status of Dongdao, Luhuitou, Dadonghai coral reef ecosystems are “general”. We conclude that this survey approach provides a feasible and practical method for scientific research and management departments to assess the health status of coral reef ecosystems.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/SWDY201803005

Key words: coral reef ecosystem, health assessment, ecological status, Sanya

Sun Youfang, Lei Xinming, Lian Jiansheng, Yang Jianhui, Wu Yingying, Huang Hui. Ecosystem status and health assessment of Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(3): 258-265.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2017312

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2018/V26/I3/258

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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一级指标 First assessment index	二级指标 Second assessment index	单位 Unit	权重 Weight	分级标准 Criterion
一级指标 First assessment index	二级指标 Second assessment index	单位 Unit	权重 Weight	Ⅲ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ
造礁珊瑚 Hermatypic coral	造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of hermatypic corals	%	0.3	≤ 15	15-35	≥ 35
	造礁珊瑚种类数 Species number of hermatypic corals	-	0.2	≤ 10	10-20	≥ 20
	半年内死亡造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of dead hermatypic corals in half-year	%	0.05	≥ 10	2-10	≤ 2
	块状造礁珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of massive hermatypic corals	%	0.02	≥ 90	50-90	≤ 50
	鹿角珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of Acropora corals	%	0.2	≤ 10	10-20	≥ 20
	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	-	0.03	0-0.9	0.9-2.4	≥ 2.4
	造礁珊瑚补充量 Recruitment of hermatypic corals	个/m²	0.2	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
珊瑚礁鱼类 Coral reef fishes	珊瑚礁鱼类种类数 Species number of coral reef fishes	-	0.35	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	珊瑚礁鱼类密度 Density of coral reef fishes	个/300 m²	0.25	≤ 50	50-100	≥ 100
	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	-	0.1	0-0.9	0.9-2.4	≥ 2.4
	10 cm以上珊瑚礁鱼类占比 Coverage rates of coral reef fishes over 10 cm	%	0.2	≤ 1	1-3	≥ 3
	蝴蝶鱼 Butterflyfish	个	0.1	≤ 2	2-5	≥ 5
大型底栖动物 Macrobenthos	大型藻类与造礁珊瑚比值 The ratio of macroalgae to hermatypic coral	-	0.3	≥ 30	5-30	≤ 5
	长棘海星 Crown-of-thorns starfish	个	0.1	≥ 5	0-5	0
	核果螺 Corallivorous snail	个	0.1	≥ 50	10-50	≤ 10
	海胆 Sea urchin	个	0.2	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	海参 Sea cucumber	个	0.05	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	砗磲 Giant clam	个	0.2	≤ 1	1-5	≥ 5
	龙虾 Lobster	个	0.05	0	1-2	≥ 2
赋值 Assignment				10	50	100

一级指标 First assessment index	二级指标 Second assessment index	单位 Unit	权重 Weight	分级标准 Criterion
一级指标 First assessment index	二级指标 Second assessment index	单位 Unit	权重 Weight	Ⅲ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ
造礁珊瑚 Hermatypic coral	造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of hermatypic corals	%	0.3	≤ 15	15-35	≥ 35
	造礁珊瑚种类数 Species number of hermatypic corals	-	0.2	≤ 10	10-20	≥ 20
	半年内死亡造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of dead hermatypic corals in half-year	%	0.05	≥ 10	2-10	≤ 2
	块状造礁珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of massive hermatypic corals	%	0.02	≥ 90	50-90	≤ 50
	鹿角珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of Acropora corals	%	0.2	≤ 10	10-20	≥ 20
	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	-	0.03	0-0.9	0.9-2.4	≥ 2.4
	造礁珊瑚补充量 Recruitment of hermatypic corals	个/m²	0.2	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
珊瑚礁鱼类 Coral reef fishes	珊瑚礁鱼类种类数 Species number of coral reef fishes	-	0.35	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	珊瑚礁鱼类密度 Density of coral reef fishes	个/300 m²	0.25	≤ 50	50-100	≥ 100
	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	-	0.1	0-0.9	0.9-2.4	≥ 2.4
	10 cm以上珊瑚礁鱼类占比 Coverage rates of coral reef fishes over 10 cm	%	0.2	≤ 1	1-3	≥ 3
	蝴蝶鱼 Butterflyfish	个	0.1	≤ 2	2-5	≥ 5
大型底栖动物 Macrobenthos	大型藻类与造礁珊瑚比值 The ratio of macroalgae to hermatypic coral	-	0.3	≥ 30	5-30	≤ 5
	长棘海星 Crown-of-thorns starfish	个	0.1	≥ 5	0-5	0
	核果螺 Corallivorous snail	个	0.1	≥ 50	10-50	≤ 10
	海胆 Sea urchin	个	0.2	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	海参 Sea cucumber	个	0.05	≤ 5	5-20	≥ 20
	砗磲 Giant clam	个	0.2	≤ 1	1-5	≥ 5
	龙虾 Lobster	个	0.05	0	1-2	≥ 2
赋值 Assignment				10	50	100

	东岛 Dongdao			鹿回头 Luhuitou			大东海 Dadonghai
	6 m	3 m	平均 Average	4 m	2 m	平均 Average	6 m	3 m	平均 Average
造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of hermatypic corals (%)	19.67	10.33	15.00	26.50	16.67	21.58	3.00	9.67	6.33
软珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of soft corals (%)	0.33	0	0.17	0.50	0	0.25	0.33	0	0.17
珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of corals (%)	20.00	10.33	15.17	27.00	16.67	21.83	3.33	9.67	6.50

	东岛 Dongdao			鹿回头 Luhuitou			大东海 Dadonghai
	6 m	3 m	平均 Average	4 m	2 m	平均 Average	6 m	3 m	平均 Average
造礁珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of hermatypic corals (%)	19.67	10.33	15.00	26.50	16.67	21.58	3.00	9.67	6.33
软珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of soft corals (%)	0.33	0	0.17	0.50	0	0.25	0.33	0	0.17
珊瑚覆盖率 Coverage rates of corals (%)	20.00	10.33	15.17	27.00	16.67	21.83	3.33	9.67	6.50

	东岛 Dongdao	鹿回头 Luhuitou	大东海 Dadonghai
鹿角珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of Acropora corals (%)	0	1.17	1.00
珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of corals (%)	15.17	21.83	6.50
半年内死亡珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of dead corals in half-year (%)	21.50	7.00	46.83
非生物物质占比 Coverage rates of abiotic substances (%)	39.58	53.08	19.83
大型藻类占比 Coverage rates of macroalgae (%)	23.67	17.50	25.83
块状造礁珊瑚占比 Coverage rates of massive hermatypic corals (%)	14.33	14.75	1.17
其他生物占比 Coverage rates of other creature (%)	0.08	0.58	0