AbstractThe dormancy and germination of seeds of an endangered species, Changium smyrnioides, and another non-endangered species, Anthriscus sylvestris , were studied under different storage conditions. The results showed that in natural condition, the seeds of C. smyrnioides had a dormancy stage for about five months, and that experimental low temperature (about 10℃) could break dormancy after 40 days of treatment. Seeds stored under natural temperature and dry condition could not break dormancy, while those stored under natural temperature and fluctuant moisture condition had the highest germination ratio, and their germination ability lasted for a longer time than any other treatments. The germination ratio of C. smyrnioides was higher than that of A. sylvestris, while the germination duration was shorter. Germination of seeds stored under natural temperature and saturated moisture conditions decreased markedly in both species, although in C. smyrnioides the germination could remain at 7%. Apparently, the quality and germination ability of seeds of C. smyrnioides is not the direct reason for its endangerment. The species follows a K-strategy, with the characteristics of a big seed grain, lower seed production, and few seedlings created. As a result, the population cannot be restored quickly when disturbed intensively and the species has a greater possibility of endangerment.