海洋底栖贝类是海洋底栖无脊椎动物的重要代表。福建平潭岛地处台湾海峡西岸北部, 是中国大陆距台湾岛最近之处, 其海域内的底栖贝类区系对了解台湾海峡及其附近海域的生态环境和底栖生物地理格局具有重要意义。本文基于对2015-2018年间中山大学国土资源与环境系在平潭岛海域采集的3,346号底栖贝类标本的鉴定, 结合已发表文献整理出了平潭岛海域底栖贝类名录, 并梳理了各物种在中国近海的地理分布类型。结果显示, 本研究所采标本分属58科122属161种, 其中47种为平潭岛海域新记录。结合历史文献记录, 平潭岛海域共有底栖贝类98科244属395种。其中93.7%的种类在南海亦有分布, 82.0%的种类在东海有分布, 31.1%的种类在黄渤海有分布, 42.3%的种类在台湾岛东部海域有分布。南海-东海分布型种类占区系总种数的49.9%; 其次为南海-黄渤海分布型(27.6%)和南海-台湾海峡分布型(16.2%)。分布限于台湾海峡及其以北的种类仅占总种数的6.3%。研究结果表明, 平潭岛海域底栖贝类区系具典型的亚热带性质, 暖水性种类和广温性种类占主要优势, 与南海北部和东海大陆沿岸地区的关系密切, 与台湾岛周边海域的联系相对较弱。

Aims: Marine, benthic, shell-bearing mollusks are one of the most important groups of marine benthic invertebrates. Pingtan Island is an island in the northwestern part of the Taiwan Strait. The marine, benthic, shelled fauna in this area are important for revealing the ecological environment and biogeographical pattern of the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters. Here, we report the species diversity and distribution patterns of shelled-mollusks found in Pingtan Island and its adjacent waters.
Methods: We conducted a checklist of known marine, benthic, shells found near Pingtan Island and its adjacent waters based on previous studies and 3,346 specimens collected by the Department of Physical Geography, Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-sen University from 2015-2018. We then investigated distribution patterns of each listed species in the coast waters of China.
Results: We identified a total of 161 species from 122 genera and 58 families. Of these 161 species, 47 species were new to the study area. In total, 395 species of mollusks belonging to 244 genera and 98 families are reported to inhabit Pingtan Island and its adjacent waters. Of them, 93.7% of the species are also distributed in the South China Sea, 82.0% in the East China Sea, 31.1% in the Yellow and Bohai Seas, and 42.3% in the waters east of Taiwan Island. The distribution pattern between the South China Sea and the East China Sea accounted for 49.9% of the total species. The distribution pattern between the South China Sea and the Yellow and Bohai Seas accounted for 27.6% of the total species. The distrubition pattern between the South China Sea and the Taiwan Strait accounted for 16.2% of the total species. Only 6.3% of the species were confined to be limited to the Taiwan Strait and the region to the north of it.
Conclusions: The marine, benthic, shell-bearing mollusks in Pingtan Island have typical subtropical characteristics, among which warm and eurythermic species are dominant. The shelled-mollusks in Pingtan Island has a close relationship with that of the continental shelves of the South China Sea (northern part) and East China Sea. In contrast, the relationship between shelled-mollusks in Pingtan Island and that of the waters around the Taiwan Island is relatively weak.