作为生物多样性保护领域的首个政府间机制, 生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台(IPBES)正在对全球生物多样性和生态系统保护政策的制定和实施产生重要影响, 其评估成果大大提升了全球决策者对生物多样性的关注。2019年4月, IPBES在法国巴黎召开第七次全体会议, 会议总结了第一轮工作方案(2014-2019)各目标的实现情况, 通过了第二轮工作方案(2019-2030), 为未来10年重点工作和评估方向提供指导。本文结合两轮工作方案的具体目标, 分析研判了IPBES工作及评估进展, 对各成员国主要观点进行了梳理, 提出了中国的应对策略。IPBES评估发现, 人类面临的生物多样性问题越来越多元化、复杂化, IPBES正通过发布一系列的评估报告, 将生物多样性保护问题进一步主流化、政治化。我们建议, 作为全球生物多样性最为丰富的国家之一, 中国应该充分认识到IPBES的作用, 积极参与有关进程, 加强跨部门跨学科协助, 促进国际合作与交流, 提升我国在生物多样性领域相关谈判中的主动权和话语权。

The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is the first intergovernmental policy mechanism for biodiversity conservation. To date, IPBES has greatly affected the development and implementation of global biodiversity and ecosystem protection policies and has significantly increasing global policymakers’ concern on biodiversity. IPBES held its 7th Plenary Session in April 2019 in Paris, France. The plenary summarized the achievements of the goals in its first work programme (2014-2019), and approved the second work programme (2019-2030), which will guide the crucial work and assessments of the next decade. This paper analyzed IPBES progress and main points of IPBES members based on objectives in the two work programmes, and proposed China’s countermeasures. Based on the IPBES assessments, biodiversity related issues are becoming more diversified and complex. IPBES is further mainstreaming and politicizing biodiversity conservation issues by launching a series of deliverables. As China is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, we recommend China recognize the important role of IPBES and enhance its initiative and voice in relevant negotiations by encouraging active participation in IPBES processes, strengthening cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration, and promoting international cooperation and exchanges.