基于传感器标记的野生动物追踪技术在中国的应用现状与展望

鲁彬悦, 李坤, 王晨溪, 李晟

The application and outlook of wildlife tracking using sensor-based tags in China

Binyue Lu, Kun Li, Chenxi Wang, Sheng Li

图1 中国野生动物研究中使用的传统物理标记(a-c)与基于传感器的追踪标记(d-i)技术示例。a: 红喉歌鸲(Calliope calliope)的金属环志脚环; b: 中华扭角羚(Budorcas taxicolor)的耳标; c: 庆网蛱蝶(Melitaea cinxia)翅上的书写编号; d: 中华蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)皮下植入的RFID标签; e: 中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)的背负式VHF发射器; f: 中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)的腹腔植入式VHF发射器; g: 普通雨燕(Apus apus)的背负式光敏全球定位传感器; h: 草原雕(Aquila nipalensis)的背负式鸟类卫星追踪设备; i: 雪豹(Panthera uncia)的卫星追踪颈圈。照片由李晟(图1a, b)、王戎疆(图1c)、李成(图1d, e)、张璐(图1f)、刘阳(图1g)、阙品甲(图1h)、向定乾(图1i)分别提供。

Fig. 1 Examples of traditional (a-c) and sensor-based (d-i) tracking technologies used in wildlife studies in China. a, Metal leg band used for Siberian rubythroat (Calliope calliope); b, Ear tag used for Chinese takin (Budorcas taxicolor); c, Marked number on the wing of Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia); d, RFID tag implanted under skin of Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans); e, Backpacked VHF transmitter used for Chinese brown frog (Rana chensinensis); f, VHF transmitter implanted in the abdominal cavity of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus); g, Backpacked light-level geolocator used for common swift (Apus apus); h, Satellite-tracking device used for steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis); i, Satellite-tracking colloar used for snow leopard (Panthera uncia). Photos were provided by Sheng Li (Fig. 1a, b), Rongjiang Wang (Fig. 1c), Cheng Li (Fig. 1d, e), Lu Zhang (Fig. 1f), Yang Liu (Fig. 1g), Pinjia Que (Fig. 1h) and Dingqian Xiang (Fig. 1i).