统筹植物就地保护与迁地保护的解决方案: 植物并地保护(parallel situ conservation)

冯晨, 张洁, 黄宏文

Parallel situ conservation: A new plant conservation strategy to integrate in situ and ex situ conservation of plants

Chen Feng, Jie Zhang, Hongwen Huang

表1 野生濒危植物保护策略和方法的比较

Table 1 Comparison of strategies and methods for the conservation of endangered wild plants

保护策略 Conservation strategy 保护对象 Conservation target 保护单元 Conservation unit 方法和依据 Method and justification 多样性保护 Diversity conservation 存在的主要问题 Main limitations 就地保护 In situ conservation 生态系统 Ecosystem 群落 Community 原生态自然过程 Natural process α、β、γ多样性 α, β, γ diversity 生境消失, 气候变迁 Habitat loss, climate changes 迁地保护 Ex situ conservation 珍稀濒危类群 Rare and endangered plants 个体或小居群 Individuals or small population 自然栖息地以外管护 Outside habitats and controlled care α多样性 α diversity 遗传多样性丧失 Genetic diversity loss 近地保护 Near situ conservation 珍稀濒危类群 Rare and endangered 个体或小居群 Individuals or small population 相似的气候与环境 Similar climate and environment α多样性 α diversity 遗传多样性丧失, 外在风险脆弱性 Genetic diversity loss, vulnerability to local threats 微保护区 Micro-reserves 片断化生态系统 Fragmented ecosystem 群落 Community 城市生态系统 Urban ecosystem α和β多样性 α, β diversity 边缘效应, 片断化 Edge effects, fragmentation 间地保护 Inter situ conservation 珍稀濒危类群 Rare and endangered plants 个体或小居群 Individuals or small population 临时措施至新栖息地 Temporary measures until new habitats found α多样性 α diversity 遗传多样性丧失 Genetic diversity loss 森林基因库 Forest gene bank 森林树种种质 Germplasm of forest trees 遗传材料 Genetic materials 天然种子库 Natural seed banks 遗传多样性 Genetic diversity 遗传代表性不足 Limited genetic representation 并地保护 Parallel situ conservation 珍稀濒危类群 Rare and endangered plants 居群或物种 Population or species 基因流及居群遗传学原理 Gene flow and population genetics α和β多样性 α, β diversity 受环境和自然居群因素限制 Restricted by environment and natural populations availability