基于无人机影像与面向对象-深度学习的滨海湿地植物物种分类

黄雨菲, 路春燕, 贾明明, 王自立, 苏越, 苏艳琳

Plant species classification of coastal wetlands based on UAV images and object- oriented deep learning

Yufei Huang, Chunyan Lu, Mingming Jia, Zili Wang, Yue Su, Yanlin Su

表1 基于无人机可见光影像的特征空间信息

Table 1 Information of feature space based on the visible-light images of unmanned aerial vehicle

类型 Types 特征指标 Feature factors 公式/解释 Formula/Explanation 筛选为最优特征组合 Be screened into the optimal feature combination 参考文献 References 光谱特征 Spectral features Mean_R 红波段光谱亮度均值 Mean of red spectral brightness 蔡林菲等, 2019 Mean_G 绿波段光谱亮度均值 Mean of green spectral brightness √ 蔡林菲等, 2019 Mean_B 蓝波段光谱亮度均值 Mean of blue spectral brightness √ 蔡林菲等, 2019 SD_R 红波段光谱亮度标准差 Standard deviation of red spectral brightness √ 路春燕等, 2021 SD_G 绿波段光谱亮度标准差 Standard deviation of green spectral brightness √ 路春燕等, 2021 SD_B 蓝波段光谱亮度标准差 Standard deviation of blue spectral brightness √ 路春燕等, 2021 GBDI 绿蓝差异指数 Green-blue difference index, GBDI = (G - B)/(R + G + B) √ 周涛等, 2021 ExG 过绿指数 Excess green index, ExG = (2G - R - B)/(G + R + B) √ 井然等, 2016 NGBDI 归一化绿蓝差异指数 Normalized green-blue difference index, NGBDI = (G - B)/(G + B) √ 汪小钦等, 2015 NGRDI 归一化绿红差异指数 Normalized green-red difference index, NGRDI = (G - R)/(G + R) √ Hunt et al, 2005 VDVI 可见光波段差异植被指数 Visible-band difference vegetation index, VDVI = (2G - B - R)/(2G + B + R) 汪小钦等, 2015 ExG-ExR 过绿减过红指数 Excess green minus excess red index, ExG-ExR = (3G - 2.4R - B)/(R + G + B) √ 丁雷龙等, 2015 DEVI 差异增强植被指数 Difference enhanced vegetation index, DEVI = G/3G + R/3G + B/3G 周涛等, 2021 纹理特征 Texture features GLCM_Mean 均值 Mean, ${{u}_{i}}=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L}{iP(i,j)}}$ √ 蔡林菲等, 2019 GLCM_SD 标准差 Standard deviation, ${{\sigma }_{i}}={{\left[ \sum\limits_{i=0}^{L}{iP(i,j){{(i-{{u}_{i}})}^{2}}} \right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ √ 蔡林菲等, 2019 GLCM_Homogeneity 协同性 Homogeneity, $Hom=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L-1}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L-1}{P(i,j)/[1+{{(i-j)}^{2}}}}]$ 路春燕等, 2021 GLCM_Contrast 对比度 Contrast, $Con\text{=}\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L-1}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L-1}{{{(i-j)}^{2}}P(i,j)}}$ 路春燕等, 2021 GLCM_Dissimilarity 相异性 Dissimilarity,$Dis=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L}{P(i,j)\times \left| i-j \right|}}$ √ 路春燕等, 2021 GLCM_Entropy 信息熵 Entropy, $Ent=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L-1}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L-1}{P(i,j)\ln P(i,j)}}$ √ 路春燕等, 2021 GLCM_Secondary moment 二阶矩 Secondary moment, $Sem=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L}{P{{(i,j)}^{2}}}}$ 路春燕等, 2021 GLCM_Correlation 相关性 Correlation,$Cor=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{L}{\sum\limits_{j=0}^{L}{\frac{(i-{{u}_{i}})\times (j-{{u}_{i}})\times P{{(i,j)}^{2}}}{{{\sigma }_{i}}}}}$ √ 路春燕等, 2021 形状特征 Shape features Shape index 形状指数, 反映整个斑块形状特点的指数 Shape index, an index reflecting the shape characteristics of the entire patch √ 耿仁方等, 2019 Compactness 紧凑性, 反映斑块在空间分布上的紧密程度 Compactness, reflecting the tightness of patch distribution in space √ 耿仁方等, 2019 Density 密度, 反映单位面积上的斑块数量 Density, reflecting the number of patches per unit area √ 耿仁方等, 2019 Area 面积, 反映斑块所占空间的大小 Area, reflecting the size of the space occupied by the patch √ 耿仁方等, 2019 Rectangularity fit 矩形度, 反映斑块对其外接矩形的充满程度 Rectangularity fit, reflecting the degree of patch filling its surrounding rectangle √ 耿仁方等, 2019 特征类型 Feature types 特征指标 Feature factors 公式/解释 Formula/Explanation 筛选为最优特征组合 Be screened into the optimal feature combination 参考文献 References 高度特征 Height features Max_Height 高度最大值 Maximum height 徐逸等, 2021 Min_Height 高度最小值 Minimum height 徐逸等, 2021 Mean_Height 高度均值 Average height 徐逸等, 2021 SD_Height 高度标准差 Standard deviation of height 徐逸等, 2021