植物雌雄异株性别决定研究进展

彭丹, 武志强

Progress on sex determination of dioecious plants

Dan Peng, Zhiqiang Wu

图1 双基因性别决定模型(改编自Charlesworth (2015))。Step 1: 物种某对常染色体其中一条获得某种性别不育基因突变; Step 2: 另一条染色体获得对应另一种性别不育基因的突变, 形成性染色体前体; Step 3: 不育基因形成连锁, 性染色体初步形成。其中f→SuF为显性突变, M→m为隐性突变, Step 3中Y染色体阴影部分为不育基因形成连锁。

Fig. 1 Sex determination genes of ‘two-mutations’ model (adapted from Charlesworth (2015)). Step 1: One of a pair of autochromosomes has acquired a mutation of a certain sex-sterile gene; Step 2: The other one autochromosome gains the mutation corresponding to another sex sterile gene, forming the precursor of sex chromosome; Step 3: Sterility genes are linked and sex chromosomes are preliminarily formed. ‘f’ to ‘SuF’ is a dominant mutation, and ‘M’ to ‘m’ is a recessive mutation. The shaded part of Y chromosome in Step 3 represents the linkage of sterile genes.