金融支持生物多样性保护: 全球实践及政策启示
崔楚云, 侯一蕾, 王天一, 温亚利

Biodiversity conservation supported by finance: Global practice and policy enlightenment
Chuyun Cui, Yilei Hou, Tianyi Wang, Yali Wen
表2 债券支持生物多样性保护典型国际案例
Table 2 Typical international cases of bonds supporting biodiversity conservation
债券名称
Bond name
发行时间 Issuance date 发行人
Issuer
发行金额/期限/票面利率 Issue amount/ term/coupon rate 发行目的
Objective of the release
来源 Source
法国绿色债券(法国第一笔) French green bond (the first one in France) 2012.3 法国法兰西岛大区 France Ile-de-France 发行规模3.5亿欧元(约4.24亿美元) Issue size: 350 million euros (about 424 million US dollars) 部分资金用于生物多样性友好型项目 Some of the funds are used for biodiversity friendly projects 王姗和毛倩, 2021
巴西绿色债券 Brazil green bond 2016.7 巴西政府 Brazilian Government 发行规模5亿美元, 期限10年期, 票面利率5.75%。 Issue size: US $500 million, term: 10 years, coupon rate: 5.75%. 用于可持续森林和水资源管理、减少温室气体排放、自然保护区开发和原始森林恢复等项目 For sustainable forest and water resources management, greenhouse gas emission reduction, nature reserve development and virgin forest restoration Joe, 2020
塞舌尔政府主权蓝色债券(全球首支“贴标”蓝色债券) Seychelles government sovereign blue bond (the world’s first “labeled” blue bond) 2018.10 塞舌尔政府 Government of Seychelles 发行规模1,500万美元, 期限10年, 利率6.5%。
Issue size: US $15 million, term: 10 years, coupon rate: 6.5%.
用于扩建该国海洋保护区与发展蓝色经济 It is used to expand China’s marine protected areas and develop the blue economy 中央财经大学绿色金融国际研究院, 2020
北欧波罗的海蓝色债券 Nordic Baltic Sea blue bond 2019.1 北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank 发行规模20亿瑞典克朗(约合2.07亿美元), 期限5年, 票面利率0.375%。Issue size: SEK 2 billion (about US $207 million), term: 5 years, coupon rate: 0.375%. 用于支持水资源保护、海洋生态系统及相关生物多样性(湿地、湖泊、海岸线和公海)保护和修复等的项目 It is used to support projects such as water resources protection, marine ecosystem and related biodiversity (wetland, lake, coastline and high seas) protection and restoration. 司徒韵莹等, 2021
亚洲开发银行蓝色债券 Asian Development Bank blue bond 2021.9 亚洲开发银行 Asian Development Bank 发行规模1.51亿美元, 10年期或15年期。Issue size: US $151 million, 10-year or 15 year term. 用于资助以恢复生态系统、管理自然资源、发展可持续渔业和水产养殖、减少沿海污染等方式促进海洋健康的项目。It is used to finance projects to promote marine health by restoring ecosystems, managing natural resources, developing sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, and reducing coastal pollution. 司徒韵莹等, 2021
瑞典哥德堡市常规(非绿色)债券 Regular (non green) bonds of Gothenburg, Sweden 2021.4.29 瑞典哥德堡市政府 Gothenburg Municipal Government, Sweden 发行规模12亿瑞典克朗, 期限为4年。Issue size: SEK 1.2 billion with a term of 4 years. 用于保护生物多样性和应对气候变化 To protect biodiversity and cope with climate change The Biodiversity Finance Initiative, 2019
哥伦比亚绿色主权债券(拉丁美洲第一支以当地货币发行的国家) Colombia green sovereign bond (the first country in Latin America to issue in local currency) 2021.9.29 哥伦比亚政府 Colombian Government 发行规模为7,500亿哥伦比亚比索(1.96亿美元)。Issue size: 750 billion Colombian pesos (196 million US dollars). 将收益的16%用于生物多样性保护 Allocate 16% of proceeds to biodiversity conservation Keiron, 2021
瑞典绿色债券 Swedish green bond 2022.2.9 瑞典北欧斯安银行 Sweden North European Bank (SEB Bank) 发行规模10亿欧元(113亿美元), 票面利率为0.75%。Issue size: 1 billion euros (US $11.3 billion), coupon rate: 0.75%. 用于支持生物多样性、向循环经济转型和减缓气候变化 To support biodiversity, transition to a circular economy and climate change mitigation 中央财经大学绿色金融国际研究院, 2021b