传粉昆虫下降背景下的授粉生态弹性: 内涵、机制和展望

谢正华, 王有琼, 曹军, 王健敏, 安建东

Ecological resilience of pollination in the face of pollinator decline: Content, mechanism and perspective

Zhenghua Xie, Youqiong Wang, Jun Cao, Jianmin Wang, Jiandong An

图3 密度补偿作用引起授粉生态弹性的机制示意图。假设生态系统存在传粉功能团a和传粉功能团b (A), 全球变化下生态系统由功能团a的4个体和功能团b的5个体的传粉昆虫群落(A)转变为功能团a的2个体和功能团b的9个体的传粉昆虫群落(B)。当生态系统内传粉功能团a访花频率下降时, 传粉功能团b访花频率上升, 反之亦然(B)。虽然不同传粉功能团传粉效率(如单次访花花粉沉降量)存在差异, 但沉降花粉数量保持不变, 形成授粉生态弹性。

Fig. 3 Conceptual diagram illustrating the mechanical effect of density compensation on ecological resilience of pollination. Two functional groups of pollinators (a and b) are supposed to deliver pollens on stigma surfaces (A). In the face of global changes, the pollinator communities with 4 individuals of functional group a and 5 individuals of functional group b (A) is transformed to a different pollinator communities with 2 individuals of functional group a and 9 individuals of functional group b (B). The visit density of functional group a decreases, but the visit density of functional group b increase, and vice versa (B). Due to the differences in pollination efficiency (e.g. pollen deposition per visit), the overall pollen numbers delivered by different pollinator communities are the same. The pollinator communities have the ecological resilience of pollination.