风媒传粉的研究方法探讨
朱亚如, 龚燕兵

Methods of wind pollination
Yaru Zhu,Yanbing Gong
表1 风媒和虫媒传粉的主要影响因素比对
Table 1 Key factors associated with wind vs. animal pollination
风媒传粉 Wind pollination 动物传粉 Animal pollination
非生物因素 Abiotic factors
分布 Distribution 温带 Temperate 热带或温带 Tropical or temperate
最佳风速 Optimum wind speed 低至中等 Low to moderate 零至低 Zero to low
降雨 Precipitation 不频繁 Infrequent 不频繁至频繁 Infrequent to common
湿度 Humidity 低 Low 中至高 Medium to high
生物因素 Biotic factors
周围植被 Surrounding vegetation 开阔 Open 开阔至郁闭 Open to closed
同种密度 Conspecific density 中至高 Moderate to high 低至高 Low to high
开花一致性 Flowering consistency 同步 Synchronous 不同步 Less synchronous
开花数量 Flower number 多 Many 少 A few
花位置 Flower position 离叶较远 Held away from vegetation 无规律 Variable
花类型 Flower type 单性 Unisexual 两性 Hermaphrodite
花被 Perianth 缺失或减小 Absent or reduced 显眼 Showy
花颜色 Floral colour 绿或白 Greenish or whitish 艳丽 Constrasting
花气味 Floral scent 无或退化 Absent or reduced 常有 Often present
蜜腺 Nectaries 缺失或减小 Absent or reduced 具备 Present
柱头 Stigmas 羽状 Feathery 简单 Simple
单花胚珠数 Ovules per flower 一或少 One or few 多 Many
花粉量 Pollen grains number 多 Many 少 Few
花粉大小 Pollen size 变化较小, 一般10-50 μm
Less variable, often 10-50 μm
变化较大, 一般 >60 μm
Highly variable, often >60 μm
花粉黏性 Pollen viscosity 干 Dry 黏 Viscid
花粉表面纹饰 Pollen ornamentation 光滑, 花粉鞘缺失或退化
Smooth with reduced/absent pollenkitt
复杂并具花粉鞘
Often elaborate with pollenkitt