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Plant Diversity ›› 2000, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (01): 1-3.

• 研究论文 •    

国产蔷蔽科苹果亚科的花粉形态

周丽华,韦仲新,吴征溢   

  1. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所
  • 出版日期:2000-02-25 发布日期:2000-02-25

Pollen Morphology of Maloideae of China (Rosaceae)

ZHOU Li-Hua,WEI Zhong-Xin,WU Zheng-Yi   

  1. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204
  • Online:2000-02-25 Published:2000-02-25

摘要: 对国产蔷薇科(Rosaceae)苹果亚科(Maloideae)16属18种及1变型进行了植物花粉形态的光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察。本亚科花粉呈单粒存在,花粉近球形至长球形,极面观常呈三裂圆形,赤道面观椭圆形至圆形。本亚科的花粉在全科中是最大的,极轴为18.62~45.65μm,赤道轴为 18.36~40.8μm。最大花粉见于Crataegus pinnatifida,为(28.85~45.65)μm×(25.5~40.8)μm, 最小花粉见于Pyracantha augustifolia,为(18.62~24.45)μm×(18.36~26.01)μm。三孔沟,内孔为长方形。沟较长,两端较窄。外壁在光学显微镜下常模糊,扫描电镜下见有穴状、皱波-穴状、条纹-穴状、条纹状等纹饰变化。Maloideae的外壁纹饰同Rosaceae其余3个亚科相比显得较为原始且分化程度不高。孢粉学特征表明,花粉的外壁纹饰对Maloideae在Rosaceae 4个亚科中的系统排序以及Maloideae亚科下的分族和演化等问题的研究方面可能具有较大意义。

关键词: 蔷薇科, 苹果亚科, 花粉形态, 系统讨论

Abstract: In this paper ,the authors report the systematic study of pollen grains of Maloideae(Rosaceae),including Dichotomanthes,Cotoneaster,Pyracantha,Crataegus,Osteomeles,Stranvaesia,Photinia,Eriobotrya,Rhaphiolepis,Sorbus,Cydonia,Docynia,Chaenomeles,Pyrus,Malus and Amelanchier in China. The above genera have tricolprate pollen grains.The shape of grainsis subspheroidal to prolate.The pollen grains of Maloideae have the biggest size in four subfamilies of Rosaceae.The biggest one was seenin Cratagus pinnatifida with the size of (28.85-45.65)μm.

Key words: Rosaceae, Maloideae, Pollen Morphology, Systematic discussion