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Plant Diversity ›› 1997, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04): 1-3.

• 研究论文 •    

木兰科植物的分支分析

李捷   

  1. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明650204
  • 出版日期:1997-08-25 发布日期:1997-08-25

A CLADISTIC ANALYSIS OF MAGNOLIACEAE

Li Jie   

  1. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204
  • Online:1997-08-25 Published:1997-08-25

摘要: 本文以形态学为依据,参考其它学科的研究成果,用分支分析的方法探讨了木兰科科下系统的演化关系,并提出了一些设想和建议。在分支分析中,番荔枝科原始的紫玉盘属被选作外类群。主要根据外类群比较原则,化石原则和一般演化规律,确定了性状的祖征和衍征,共选取27个性状,采用 PAUP 3.1.1和 Henning 86 v.1.5分别在 Macintoch和IBM微机上运行,以前者以启发法搜索,后者以BB命令运算,经严格一致化处理,得到一致化分支图,作为本文讨论的基础。主要结论如下:(1)鹅掌揪属是木兰科中较为特化的类群,此结论已为过去的系统研究及各分支学科所提供的证据所支持八月在木兰科中对顶生花类群与腋生花类群的划分是不自然的,木兰科中腋生的花其实质上仍为顶生;(3)应该摒弃大属观念,正如吴征镒教授等人认为:“…未能体现出本科较晚期的进化历程和它的进化层次,大属则过于笼统,看不出以形态一地理为主的进化脉络和扩散迁移路线”;(4)拟单性木兰是两性花向单性花的过渡类群;(5)南洋含笑属中的两个组:Sect.Elmerrillia和Sect.Pesudoaromadendron,后者看来是与木兰族的香木兰属有更密切的亲缘,前者才是刘玉壶,H.PNooteboom等人所认为的与含笑属有密切亲缘的南洋含笑属;(6)应加强对木兰属的系统学研究,特别是对 Sect Theorhodon,Sect.Maingola的研究,从分支分析的结果看Sect.Theorhodon应分立成属,Sect.Maingola与长蕊木兰属形成姊妹群;(7)木莲属应归于木兰属中;(8)南美盖裂术属与盖裂术属形成姊妹群;(9)华盖木属由于其骨突果腹缝开裂是一较原始类群。

关键词: 木兰科, 分支分析

Abstract: The present paper conducts cladistic analysis to evaluate the infrafamilial phylogenetic relationships of Magnoliaceae on an extensive literature review and study of the herbarium. In the cladistic analysis, the genus Uvaria of Annonaceae was chosen as an outgroup. The polarity of characters was determined mainly according to outgroup comparison, fossil evidence and general-ly accepted viewpoints of morphological evolution. Finally, a data matrix consisting of 31 termi-nal taxa and 27 characters was analyzed using PAUP 3.1.1 in Macintoch computer and Henning 86 in IBM computer, and 50 cladograms were generated, of which only the most parsimonious one was presented for discussion.

Key words: Magnoliaceae