刈割后互花米草残体与覆膜对滨海湿地土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.17520/biods2025468

生物多样性

刈割后互花米草残体与覆膜对滨海湿地土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响

黄薇^1*, 刘一凡², 方涛², 赵微², 吴婷², 靳瑜², 王荣³, 罗芳丽^2,4*, 郭允倩^1*, 朱耀军^5,6*

1. 北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院，北京 100083 2. 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院，北京 100083 3. 北京力科惠泽科技有限公司，北京 100085 4. 中国林业科学研究生态保护与修复研究所(湿地研究所)，北京 100091 5. 广东湛江红树林湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 湛江，广东 524448 6. 黄河流域生态保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-11-23 修回日期:2026-03-05 接受日期:2026-04-22
通讯作者: 罗芳丽, 郭允倩, 朱耀军
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32371584); 国家自然科学基金(32071525); 广东省林业局科技项目(2023KYXM09); 广东湛江红树林国际重要湿地互花米草治理区域生态监测和成效评估项目(GDFL2301Q10N245)

Effects of mowed Spartina alterniflora residues and mulching on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in coastal wetlands

Wei Huang^1*, Yifan Liu², Tao Fang², Wei Zhao², Ting Wu², Yu Jin², Rong Wang3, Fangli Luo^2,4*, Yunqian Guo^1*, Yaojun Zhu^5,6*

1. School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

2. School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

3. Beijing Eco-mind Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100085, China

4. Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Research Institute of Wetland, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

5. Administration Bureau of Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524448, China

6. Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-11-23 Revised:2026-03-05 Accepted:2026-04-22
Contact: Fangli Luo, Yunqian Guo, Yaojun Zhu

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 刈割与覆膜是控制滨海湿地入侵植物互花米草的关键物理措施，然而，其长期治理对土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响尚不明确。本研究以广东湛江滩涂互花米草入侵地土壤为研究对象，通过设置刈割后互花米草在覆膜条件下残体清除与保留以及未覆膜条件下残体清除和保留四种处理组合，测定其土壤理化指标并通过扩增子测序对土壤细菌群落特征进行研究，分析土壤细菌群落组成与环境因子的相关性。研究结果发现，保留互花米草残体显著提高土壤总氮、总碳、有机碳及速效钾的含量。长期覆膜显著降低土壤细菌α多样性、主要细菌门属的相对丰度并改变群落结构。去除残体覆膜处理下细菌的Pielou均匀度和Simpson多样性指数显著低于其余处理；去除残体覆膜处理下弯曲菌门与硫卵菌属相对丰度显著增加；温度、总氮、总碳、有机碳、速效钾等共同影响弧菌属、盐微菌属等优势细菌丰度，共同解释74.6%的群落结构变异。综上，刈割后覆膜是互花米草有效的物理治理措施，但长期覆膜与残体去除会显著降低土壤细菌群落多样性并改变群落结构，因此，在刈割处理后，应设置合理的覆膜时间并保留刈割后的植物残体，以避免对土壤细菌群落多样性和结构产生较大负面影响。

关键词: 覆膜, 刈割, 滨海湿地, 互花米草, 土壤理化性质, 细菌群落

Abstract

Aims：Mowing and mulching are key physical measures for controlling the invasive plant Spartina alterniflora in coastal wetlands. However, their long-term effects on soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities remain unclear.

Method：This study investigated soil from Spartina alterniflora-invaded tidal flats in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. Four treatment combinations were established: removal versus retention of cut Spartina alterniflora residues under mulching conditions, and removal versus retention under non-mulching conditions. Soil physicochemical parameters were measured, and soil bacterial community characteristics were analyzed via amplicon sequencing to examine correlations between bacterial community composition and environmental factors.

Results：(1) Retaining Spartina alterniflora residues significantly increased soil total nitrogen, total carbon, organic carbon, and available potassium content. (2) Long-term mulching markedly reduced soil bacterial α-diversity, relative abundance of major bacterial phyla and genera, and altered community structure. Under the residue-removal mulching treatment, bacterial Pielou's evenness and Simpson’s diversity indices were significantly lower than in other treatments. Relative abundances of the Campylobacterota phyla and Sulfurovum genera significantly increased under residue-removal mulching. (3) Temperature, total nitrogen, total carbon, organic carbon, and available potassium jointly influenced the abundance of dominant bacteria such as Vibrio and Salinimicrobium, collectively explaining 74.6% of the variation in community structure.

Conclusion：In summary, mulching after mowing is an effective physical control measure for Spartina alterniflora. However, long-term mulching combined with residue removal significantly reduces soil bacterial community diversity and alters community structure. Therefore, after mowing, a reasonable mulching duration should be established and mowed plant residues retained to avoid substantial negative impacts on soil bacterial community diversity and structure.

Key words: mulching, mowing, coastal wetlands, Spartina alterniflora, soil physichemical properties, bacterial community

黄薇, 刘一凡, 方涛, 赵微, 吴婷, 靳瑜, 王荣, 罗芳丽, 郭允倩, 朱耀军. 刈割后互花米草残体与覆膜对滨海湿地土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025468.

Wei Huang, Yifan Liu, Tao Fang, Wei Zhao, Ting Wu, Yu Jin, Rong Wang, Fangli Luo, Yunqian Guo, Yaojun Zhu. Effects of mowed Spartina alterniflora residues and mulching on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in coastal wetlands. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods2025468.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods2025468

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